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This is a summary of a series of lectures on the current experimental and theoretical status of our understanding of origin and nature of cosmic radiation. Specific focus is put on ultra-high energy cosmic radiation above ~10^17 eV,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-02-03 Guenter Sigl

This paper presents a summary of the status of the field of very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy, as of early 2006. The paper is based on the Rapporteur Talk given at the 29th International Cosmic Ray Conference in Pune, India (ICRC…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Rene A. Ong

A brief history of the development of surface detectors for the study of the high-energy cosmic rays is presented. The paper is based on an invited talk given at UHECR2022 held in LAquila, October 2022. In a complementary talk, P Sokolsky…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-05-24 A. A. Watson

Cosmic gamma rays provide insight into some of the most dynamic processes in the Universe. At the dawn of a new generation of gamma-ray telescopes, this review summarizes results from the Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 D J Thompson

The XVII International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions, held in August of 2012 in Berlin, was the first one in the history of the Symposium, where a plethora of high precision LHC data with relevance for cosmic ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-15 Karl-Heinz Kampert

The Universe is largely transparent to $\gamma$ rays in the GeV energy range, making these high-energy photons valuable for exploring energetic processes in the cosmos. After seven years of operation, the Fermi {\it Gamma-ray Space…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-01-20 F. Massaro , D. J. Thompson , E. C. Ferrara

We review the main experimental evidences on ultra high energy cosmic rays and their implications in the physics of these extremely energetic particles, also in connection with dark matter and cosmology. We discuss the basis of theoretical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-01 Roberto Aloisio

The status of measurements of the arrival directions, mass composition and energy spectrum of cosmic rays above 3 x 10^18 eV (3 EeV) is reviewed using reports presented at the 29th International Cosmic Ray Conference held in Pune, India, in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 A A Watson

This paper is the write-up of a rapporteur talk given by the author at the 33rd International Cosmic Ray Conference in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2013. It attempts to summarize results and developments in ground-based gamma-ray observations…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-22 Jamie Holder

The present issue is the first of of a two-volume review devoted to gamma-ray astronomy above 100 MeV which has witnessed considerable progress over the last 20 years. The motivations for research in this area are explained, the follow-on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-04-20 Bernard Degrange , Gérard Fontaine

I review the physics of axions, paying attention to the role as dark matter. This paper is based on talks given at the workshops ``Thinking, Observing and Mining the Universe'' held in Sorrento (Italy), September 22-27, 2003, and at…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Eduard Masso

Gamma-ray bursts and ultra-high-energy cosmic rays provide an important testing ground for fundamental physics. A simple-minded analysis of some gamma-ray bursts would lead to a huge estimate of the overall energy emitted, and this…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-25 Giovanni Amelino-Camelia

We will discuss the main relevant aspects of the physics of ultra high energy cosmic rays. After a short recap of the experimental evidences, we will review theoretical models aiming at describing the sources of these extremely energetic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-09-16 Roberto Aloisio

Starting from 1960s, a great number of missions and experiments have been performed for the study of the high--energy sky. This review gives a wide vision of the most important space missions and balloon experiments that have operated in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-06 Erica Cavallari , Filippo Frontera

With its excellent sensitivity, large field of view, broad energy coverage, and good per-photon angular resolution, the Large Area Telescope aboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope satellite provides us with an unprecedented view of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-03-02 Jürgen Knödlseder

I review some of the highlights of the Rome Workshop on Gamma-Ray Bursts, and discuss some of the questions these results pose about the nature and origin of gamma-ray bursts.

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 D. Q. Lamb

Gamma rays reveal extreme, nonthermal conditions in the Universe. The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has been exploring the gamma-ray sky for more than four years, enabling a search for powerful transients like gamma-ray bursts, solar…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-16 D. J. Thompson

Investigations of the origin of cosmic rays are presented. Different methods are discussed: studies of cosmic gamma rays of energy from 30 MeV to about 10^15 eV (since photons point to their places of origin), studies of the mass…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Jacek Szabelski

During its first three years of operation, the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has provided an unprecedented view of the high energy gamma-ray sky, and also performed direct measurements of the cosmic-ray leptons and searches for signals…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-03-02 L. Baldini , L. Tibaldo