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Related papers: How paper folds: bending with local constraints

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Consider a surface, enclosing a fixed volume, described by a free-energy depending only on the local geometry; for example, the Canham-Helfrich energy quadratic in the mean curvature describes a fluid membrane. The stress at any point on…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jemal Guven

In our common experience, crumpling a sheet requires external compressive force and leads to a random network of folds. However, thin sheets have been theoretically predicted to spontaneously transition from a flat to a crumpled state…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-09 Aashna Chawla , Deepak Kumar

In this paper we introduce a variational model for the study of multilayer films that allows for the treatment of both coherent and incoherent interfaces between layers. The model is designed in the framework of the theory of Stress Driven…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-01-29 Randy Llerena , Paolo Piovano

When a thin sheet is crushed into a small three-dimensional volume, it invariably forms a structure with a low volume fraction but high resistance to further compression. Being a far-from-equilibrium process, forced crumpling is not…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-03-28 Anne Dominique Cambou , Narayanan Menon

As a confined thin sheet crumples, it spontaneously segments into flat facets delimited by a network of ridges. Despite the apparent disorder of this process, statistical properties of crumpled sheets exhibit striking reproducibility.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-03-08 Jovana Andrejevic , Lisa M. Lee , Shmuel M. Rubinstein , Chris H. Rycroft

A method is given for evaluating electromagnetic scattering by an irregular surface with spatially-varying impedance. This uses an operator expansion with respect to impedance variation and allows examination of its effects and the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2021-02-02 N. S. Basra , M. Spivack , O. Rath Spivack

Localization of plastic strain induced by softening can be objectively described by a regularized plasticity model that postulates a dependence of the current yield stress on a nonlocal softening variable defined by a differential…

Materials Science · Physics 2012-02-02 Milan Jirasek , Jan Zeman , Jaroslav Vondrejc

Buckling in compression is the archetype of elastic instability: when compressed along its longest dimension, a thin structure such as a playing card will buckle out-of-plane accommodating the imposed compression without a significant…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-14 Kexin Guo , Marc Suñé , Kwok Ming Li , K. Jimmy Hsia , Mingchao Liu , Dominic Vella

Periodic wrinkling of a rigid capping layer on a deformable substrate provides a useful method for templating surface topography for a variety of novel applications. Many experiments have studied wrinkle formation during the compression of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-04-21 John F. Niven , Gurkaran Chowdhry , James S. Sharp , Kari Dalnoki-Veress

Soft elastic sheets resting on rigid surfaces develop wrinkles, rucks, and folds due to the combined influence of elasticity, gravity, and contact interactions. Despite their ubiquity, the principles governing their morphology and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-18 Keisuke Yoshida , Hirofumi Wada

We discuss a 1D variational problem modeling an elastic sheet on water, lifted at one end. Its terms include the membrane and bending energy of the sheet as well as terms due to gravity and surface tension. By studying a suitable…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-05-20 David Padilla-Garza

The phenomenon of crumpling is common in our daily life and nature. It exhibits many interesting properties, such as ultra-tough resistance to pressure with less than 30$\%$ of volume density, power-law relation for pressure vs density, and…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-01-20 Hung-Chieh Fan Chiang , Li-Jie Chiu , Hsin-Huei Li , Pai-Yi Hsiao , Tzay-Ming Hong

Thin surfaces are ubiquitous in nature, from leaves to cell membranes, and in technology, from paper to corrugated containers. Structural thinness imbues them with flexibility, the ability to easily bend under light loads, even as their…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-22 Wenqian Sun , Yanxin Feng , Christian D. Santangelo , D. Zeb Rocklin

In this article, we briefly describe various tools and approaches that algebraic geometry has to offer to straighten bent objects. Throughout this article we will consider a specific example of a bent or curved piece of paper which in our…

Graphics · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Sasikanth Raghava Goteti

A model describing cell membranes as optimal shapes with regard to the $L^2$-deficit of their mean curvature to a given constant called spontaneous curvature is considered. It is shown that the corresponding energy functional is lower…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-11-01 Christian Scharrer

We examine the shape change of a thin disk with an inserted wedge of material when it is pushed against a plane, using analytical, numerical and experimental methods. Such sheets occur in packaging, surgery and nanotechnology. We…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-23 Efi Efrati , Luka Pocivavsek , Ruben Meza , Ka Yee C. Lee , Thomas A. Witten

This paper investigates the motion of falling leaves through modeling using papers and the corresponding data collected from more than four thousands experiments. Two series of experiments were designed in order to study the relationship…

Popular Physics · Physics 2011-11-11 Pedram Razavi

Recently, topography change by illumination of pre-stretched, flat sheets covered in ink of optical density varying in-plane has been demonstrated by Mailen\textit{ et al}, Smart Materials and Structures, 2019. They reduce an analysis of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-03-28 Mark Warner

Many compliant shell mechanisms are periodically corrugated or creased. Being thin, their preferred deformation modes are inextensional, i.e., isometric. Here, we report on a recent characterization of the isometric deformations of periodic…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Hussein Nassar , Andrew Weber

We consider the axial compression of a thin sheet wrapped around a rigid cylindrical substrate. In contrast to the wrinkling-to-fold transitions exhibited in similar systems, we find that the sheet always buckles into a single symmetric…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-07-13 Norbert Stoop , Martin Michael Müller