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A connection-independent formulation of general relativity is presented, in which the dynamics does not depend on the choice of connection. The gravity action in this formulation includes one additional scalar term in addition to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-20 Junpei Harada

It is a little known fact that while he was developing his theory of general relativity, Einstein's initial idea was a variable speed of light theory. Indeed space-time curvature can be mimicked by a speed of light $c(r)$ that depends on…

General Physics · Physics 2015-03-31 Alexander Unzicker , Jan Preuss

When solving the Einstein's equations for an isolated system of masses, V. Fock introduces harmonic reference frame and obtains an unambiguous solution. Further, he concludes that there exists a harmonic reference frame which is determined…

General Physics · Physics 2024-03-04 Xiao-Song Wang

The motion of a particle carried by a liquid is described by the differential equation equating the velocity of the particle at time t to the the Eulerian velocity field at time t and at the location of the particle at that time. Assuming…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-06-18 Moshe Schwartz

From the simple Lagrangian the equations of motion for the particle with spin are derived. The spin is shown to be conserved on the particle world-line. In the absence of a spin the equation coincides with that of a geodesic. The equations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Zafar Turakulov , Margarita Safonova

We demonstrate that a Langevin equation that describes the motion of a Brownian particle under non-equilibrium conditions can be exactly transformed to a special equation that explicitly exhibits the response of the velocity to a time…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Takahiro Harada , Kumiko Hayashi , Shin-ichi Sasa

We employ a generalization of Einstein's random walk paradigm for diffusion to derive a class of multidimensional degenerate nonlinear parabolic equations in non-divergence form. Specifically, in these equations, the diffusion coefficient…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-07-14 Ivan C. Christov , Isanka Garli Hevage , Akif Ibraguimov , Rahnuma Islam

A derivation of the relative velocity used in the definition of the relativistic cross-section is given in terms of manifestly Lorentz invariant quantities. Along the way we find that there is a certain arbitrariness in the usual definition…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-28 David Garfinkle

Using physical arguments, I derive the physically correct equations of motion for a classical charged particle from the Lorentz-Abraham-Dirac equations (LAD) which are well known to be physically incorrect. Since a charged particle can…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Fritz Rohrlich

In this work, we follow the idea of the De Broglie's matter waves and the analogous method that Schr\"{o}dinger founded wave equation, but we apply the more essential Hamilton principle instead of the minimum action principle of Jacobi…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Xiangyao Wu , Wei Han , Gui-Song Wu , Xiao-Bo Zhang , Bingxin Zhang

The Einstein relation describes the response of a diffusing particle to a small constant external force. It states that, as the force tends to zero, the ratio of the limiting velocity to the force magnitude converges to the diffusivity…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Ahmed Bou-Rabee , Ruizhe Xu

An extremely simple and unified base for physics comes out by starting all over from a single postulate on the common nature of matter and stationary forms of radiation quanta. Basic relativistic, gravitational (G) and quantum mechanical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Rafael A. Vera

By employing the Bianchi identities for the Riemann tensor in conjunction with the Einstein equations, we construct a first order symmetric hyperbolic system for the evolution part of the Cauchy problem of general relativity. In this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-08-27 Arlen Anderson , Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat , James W. York,

Relativistically covariant equation of motion for real dust particle under the action of electromagnetic radiation is derived. The particle is neutral in charge. Equation of motion is expressed in terms of particle's optical properties,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jozef Klacka

The Lorentz Transformations are derived without any linearity assumptions and without assuming that y and z coordinates transform in a Galilean manner. Status of the invariance of the speed of light is reduced from a foundation of the…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Rostislav Polishchuk

Relativistic field equations for a gas in special and general relativity are determined from the Boltzmann equation. The constitutive equations are obtained from the Chapman-Enskog methodology applied to a relativistic model equation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-05 Gilberto M. Kremer

The Einstein-Vlasov equations govern Einstein spacetimes filled with matter which interacts only via gravitation. The matter, described by a distribution function on phase space, evolves under the collisionless Boltzmann equation,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-29 Lars Andersson , Mikołaj Korzyński

It is shown that introducing the quantum effects using deBroglie--Bohm theory in the canonical formulation of gravity would change the constraints algebra. The new algebra is derived and shown that it is the clear projection of general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Ali Shojai , Fatimah Shojai

We consider relativistic versions of the Ehrenfest relation between the expectation values of the coordinate and momentum of a quantum particle in free space: $d\langle {\bf r} \rangle /dt = \langle {\bf p} \rangle/m$. We find that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-20 Konstantin Y. Bliokh

A type of mechanics will be presented that possesses some distinctive properties. On the one hand, its physical description & rules of operation are readily comprehensible & intuitively clear. On the other, it fully satisfies all observable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-05 Eric Tesse