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The majority of stars form in star clusters and many are thought to have planetary companions. We demonstrate that multi-planet systems are prone to instabilities as a result of frequent stellar encounters in these star clusters much more…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 W. Hao , M. B. N. Kouwenhoven , R. Spurzem

Exoplanets are typically thought to form in protoplanetary disks left over from protostellar disk of their newly formed host star. However, additional planetary formation and evolution routes may exist in old evolved binary systems. Here we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Hagai B. Perets

Binaries occur in many astrophysical systems, from young protostellar binaries in star forming regions to supermassive black hole binaries in galaxy centers. In many cases, a circumbinary disk of gas forms around the binary with an orbit…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-12 Cheng Chen , Philip J. Armitage , C. J. Nixon

The stellar spin orientation relative to the orbital planes of multiplanet systems are becoming accessible to observations. Here, we analyze and classify different types of spin-orbit evolution in compact multiplanet systems perturbed by an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Gwenaël Boué , Daniel Fabrycky

The study of protoplanetary disc evolution and planet formation has mainly concentrated on solar (and low) mass stars since they host the majority of the confirmed exoplanets. Nevertheless, the numerous planets found orbiting stars up to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-08 María Paula Ronco , Matthias R. Schreiber , Eva Villaver , Octavio M. Guilera , Marcelo M. Miller Bertolami

We present N-body simulations of planetary system formation in thermally-evolving, viscous disc models. The simulations incorporate type I migration (including corotation torques and their saturation), gap formation, type II migration, gas…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Gavin A. L. Coleman , Richard P. Nelson

The discovery of over 400 extrasolar planets allows us to statistically test our understanding of formation and dynamics of planetary systems via numerical simulations. Traditional N-body simulations of multiple-planet systems without gas…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 Soko Matsumura , Edward W. Thommes , Sourav Chatterjee , Frederic A. Rasio

We have investigated i) the formation of gravitationally bounded pairs of gas-giant planets (which we call "binary planets") from capturing each other through planet-planet dynamical tide during their close encounters and ii) the following…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 H. Ochiai , M. Nagasawa , S. Ida

The majority of binary star systems that host exoplanets will spend the first portion of their lives within a star-forming cluster that may drive dynamical evolution of the binary-planet system. We perform numerical simulations of S-type…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-03 Elizabeth A. Ellithorpe , Nathan A. Kaib

We carry out a series of high-resolution (1024 X 1024) hydrodynamic simulations to investigate the orbital evolution of a Saturn-Jupiter pair embedded in a gaseous disk. This work extends the results of our previous work by exploring a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Hui Zhang , Ji-Lin Zhou

The formation and early evolution of circumstellar discs often occurs within dense, newborn stellar clusters. For the first time, we apply the moving-mesh code AREPO, to circumstellar discs in 3-D, focusing on disc-disc interactions that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Diego J. Muñoz , Kaitlin M. Kratter , Mark Vogelsberger , Lars Hernquist , Volker Springel

The star formation process in molecular clouds usually leads to the formation of multiple stellar systems, mostly binaries. Remaining disks around those stars may be located around individual stars (circumstellar disks) or around the entire…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Wilhelm Kley , Andreas Burkert

The migration strength and direction of embedded low-mass planets depends on the disc structure. In discs with an efficient radiative transport, the migration can be directed outwards for planets with more than 3-5 Earth masses. This is due…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-22 Bertram Bitsch , Alessandro Morbidelli , Elena Lega , Kathrine Kretke , Aurélien Crida

Stellar obliquities, or spin-orbit angles, prevalent in exoplanet systems, can impose important constraints on their formation and evolution histories. Recent studies suggest that primordial misalignments between protoplanetary disks and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-07 Tao Fu , Yue Wang , Weiduo Hu

This study investigates the orbital migration of a planet located near the truncated edge of protoplanetary disks, induced by X-ray photo-evaporation originating from the central star. The combined effects of turbulent viscous accretion and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-15 Beibei Liu , Clément Baruteau , Zhaohuan Zhu , Ya-Ping Li , Sijme-Jan Paardekooper

The shrinking of a binary orbit driven by the interaction with a gaseous circumbinary disc, initially advocated as a potential way to catalyze the binary merger, has been recently debated in the case of geometrically thick (i.e. with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-19 Alessia Franchini , Alessandro Lupi , Alberto Sesana , Zoltan Haiman

We consider the evolution of a system containing a population of massive planets formed rapidly through a fragmentation process occurring on a scale on the order of 100 au and a lower mass planet that assembles in a disc on a much longer…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Caroline Terquem , John C. B. Papaloizou

The migration of planets plays an important role in the early planet-formation process. An important problem has been that standard migration theories predict very rapid inward migration, which poses problems for population synthesis…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-09 Bertram Bitsch , Willy Kley

The formation of resonant planets pairs in exoplanetary systems involves planetary migration inside the protoplanetary disc : an inwards migrating outer planet captures in Mean Motion Resonance an inner planet. During the migration of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-07-18 A. Crida , Zs. Sándor , W. Kley

Planet-disk interaction predicts a change in the orbital elements of an embedded planet. Through linear and fully hydrodynamical studies it has been found that migration is typically directed inwards. Hence, this migration process gives…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Willy Kley
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