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A concise introduction to quantum entanglement in multipartite systems is presented. We review entanglement of pure quantum states of three--partite systems analyzing the classes of GHZ and W states and discussing the monogamy relations.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-23 Ingemar Bengtsson , Karol Zyczkowski

We formalize and extend an operational multipartite entanglement measure introduced by T. R. Oliveira, G. Rigolin, and M. C. de Oliveira, Phys. Rev. A 73, 010305(R) (2006), through the generalization of global entanglement (GE) [D. A. Meyer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Gustavo Rigolin , Thiago R. de Oliveira , Marcos C. de Oliveira

The ability to generate and verify multipartite entanglement is an important benchmark for near-term quantum devices devices. We develop a scalable entanglement metric based on multiple quantum coherences, and demonstrate experimentally on…

We investigate the entanglement properties of pure quantum states describing $n$ qubits. We characterize all multipartite states which can be maximally entangled to local auxiliary systems using controlled operations. A state has this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 C. Kruszynska , B. Kraus

In this paper, I will derive a measure of entanglement that coincides with the generalized concurrence for a general pure bi-and three-partite state based on wedge product. I will show that a further generalization of this idea to a general…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-23 Hoshang Heydari

In this work we propose the geometric mean of bipartite concurrences as a genuine multipartite entanglement measure. This measure achieves the maximum value for absolutely maximally entangled states and has desirable properties for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-22 Yinfei Li , Jiangwei Shang

We study the entanglement of multipartite quantum states. Some lower bounds of the multipartite concurrence are reviewed. We further present more effective lower bounds for detecting and qualifying entanglement, by establishing functional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Xue-Na Zhu , Ming Li , Shao-Ming Fei

A simple algebraic approach to the study of multipartite entanglement for pure states is introduced together with a class of suitable functionals able to detect entanglement. On this basis, some known results are reproduced. Indeed, by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-17 S. Di Martino , B. Militello , A. Messina

The determination of genuine entanglement is a central problem in quantum information processing. We investigate the tripartite state as the tensor product of two bipartite entangled states by merging two systems. We show that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-03 Yize Sun , Lin Chen

Quantum entanglement and quantum entropy are crucial concepts in the study of multipartite quantum systems. In this work we show how the notion of concurrence vector, re-expressed in a particularly useful form, provides new insights and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-16 A. Bernal , J. A. Casas , J. M. Moreno

In this work, we introduce a unified method to characterize and measure multipartite entanglement using the framework of thermodynamics. A family of the new entanglement measures is proposed: \textit{ergotropic-gap concentratable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-02 Chen-Ming Bai , Yu Luo

In recent decades, various multipartite entanglement measures have been proposed by many researchers, with different characteristics. Meanwhile, Scott studied various interesting aspects of multipartite entanglement measures and he has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-20 Saeed Haddadi

The degree to which a pure quantum state is entangled can be characterized by the distance or angle to the nearest unentangled state. This geometric measure of entanglement, already present in a number of settings (see Shimony 1995 and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Tzu-Chieh Wei , Paul M. Goldbart

Multipartite entanglement is an essential resource for quantum communication, quantum computing, quantum sensing, and quantum networks. The utility of a quantum state, $|\psi\rangle$, for these applications is often directly related to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-05 Jacob L. Beckey , N. Gigena , Patrick J. Coles , M. Cerezo

Based on quantitative complementarity relations (QCRs), we analyze the multipartite correlations in four-qubit cluster-class states. It is proven analytically that the average multipartite correlation $E_{ms}$ is entanglement monotone.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yan-Kui Bai , Z. D. Wang

Certifying entanglement of a multipartite state is generally considered as a demanding task. Since an $N$ qubit state is parametrized by $4^{N}-1$ real numbers, one might naively expect that the measurement effort of generic entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-23 Lukas Knips , Christian Schwemmer , Nico Klein , Marcin Wieśniak , Harald Weinfurter

Quantum entanglement, a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics, has captured significant attention in the era of quantum information science. In multipartite quantum systems, entanglement plays a crucial role in facilitating various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Mengru Ma , Yinfei Li , Jiangwei Shang

We prove experimentally the predicted existence of a three-qubit quantum state with genuine multipartite entanglement which can be certified solely from its separable two-qubit reduced density matrices. The qubits are encoded into different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-05 Michal Mičuda , Robert Stárek , Jan Provazník , Olga Leskovjanová , Ladislav Mišta,

We characterize the multipartite entanglement of a system of n qubits in terms of the distribution function of the bipartite purity over all balanced bipartitions. We search for those (maximally multipartite entangled) states whose purity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-02-01 Paolo Facchi , Giuseppe Florio , Ugo Marzolino , Giorgio Parisi , Saverio Pascazio

Bounds analogous to entropic uncertainty relations allow one to design practical tests to detect quantum entanglement by a collective measurement performed on several copies of the state analyzed. This approach, initially worked out for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-04 Łukasz Rudnicki , Zbigniew Puchała , Paweł Horodecki , Karol Życzkowski