Related papers: Directed motion and useful work from an isotropic …
An axisymmetric MHD model is examined analytically to illustrate some key aspects of the physics of hot and magnetized outflows which originate in the near environment of a central gravitating body. By analyzing the asymptotical behaviour…
We introduce and analyze $d$ dimensional Coulomb gases with random charge distribution and general external confining potential. We show that these gases satisfy a large deviations principle. The analysis of the minima of the rate function…
A variational principle is further developed for out of equilibrium dynamical systems by using the concept of maximum entropy. With this new formulation it is obtained a set of two first-order differential equations, revealing the same…
We study analytically and numerically the ratchet transport of interacting particles induced by a monochromatic driving in asymmetric two-dimensional structures. The ratchet flow is preserved in the limit of strong interactions and can…
Quantum mechanical motion of a particle in a periodic asymmetric potential is studied theoretically at zero temperature. It is shown based on semi-classical approximation that the tunneling probability from one local minimum to the next…
We develop a general approach for calculating the characteristic function of the work distribution of quantum many-body systems in a time-varying potential, whose many-body wave function can be cast in the Slater determinant form. Our…
The thermal ratchets model toggles a spatially periodic asymmetric potential to rectify random walks and achieve transport of diffusing particles. We numerically solve the governing equation for the full dynamics of an infinite 1D ratchet…
We present a mechanism for thermalizing a moving particle by microscopic deterministic scattering. As an example, we consider the periodic Lorentz gas. We modify the collision rules by including energy transfer between particle and…
Experimental studies of infinite (unrestricted at least in one direction) quantum particle motion using probe nanotechnologies have revealed the necessity of revising previous concepts of their motion. Particularly, quantum particles…
We study a chaotic ratchet system under the influence of a thermal environment. By direct integration of the Lindblad equation we are able to analyze its behavior for a wide range of couplings with the environment, and for different finite…
The study of thermal heat engines was pivotal to establishing the principles of equilibrium thermodynamics, with implications far wider than only engine optimization. For nonequilibrium systems, which by definition dissipate energy even at…
A very simple system like a parallel-plate capacitor reveals striking features when we examine the peculiar phenomena appearing when it is moving at low speed in different directions. Both hidden momentum and hidden energy appear and their…
We analyze several puzzling features of a recent experiment with a noninteracting gas of atoms in a quadrupole trap. After an initial momentum kick, the system reaches a stationary, quasi-thermal state even without collisions, due to the…
Recent computer simulation results [Barrat {\em et al.}, Physica A 334 (2004) 513] for granular mixtures subject to stochastic driving have shown the validity of the Einstein relation $\epsilon\equiv D/(T_0\lambda)=1$ between the diffusion…
We study numerically and theoretically (on a heuristic level) the time evolution of a gas confined to a cube of size $L^3$ divided into two parts by a piston with mass $M_L \sim L^2$ which can only move in the $x$-direction. Starting with a…
A paradigm for isothermal, mechanical rectification of stochastic fluctuations is introduced in this paper. The central idea is to transform energy injected by random perturbations into rigid-body rotational kinetic energy. The prototype…
In this paper we consider the dynamics of harmonically-confined atomic gases. We present various general results which are independent of particle statistics, interatomic interactions and dimensionality. Of particular interest is the…
The clearing up of a wave nature of the energy and mass transfer phenomena in classical expressions of the molecular-kinetic theory has allowed to find a quantitative measure of intensity of processes of a thermal conductivity, viscosity…
Thermal activation is mediated by field configurations that correspond to saddle points of the energy functional. The rate of probability flow along the unstable functional directions, i.e the activation rate, is usually obtained from the…
We study the energy flow due to the motion of topological solitons in nonlinear extended systems in the presence of damping and driving. The total field momentum contribution to the energy flux, which reduces the soliton motion to that of a…