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Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) at high redshifts are expected to be gravitationally lensed by objects of different mass scales. Besides a single recent claim, no lensed GRB has been detected so far by using the gamma-ray data only. In this paper,…

Extended, fading emissions in multi-wavelength are observed following Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Recent broad-band observational campaigns led by the Swift Observatory reveal rich features of these GRB afterglows. Here we review the latest…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Bing Zhang

We present a systematic temporal and spectral study of all Swift-XRT observations of GRB afterglows discovered between 2005 January and 2007 December. After constructing and fitting all light curves and spectra to power-law models, we…

Gamma-ray bursts are believed to be produced in highly-relativistic collimated outflows. Support for this comes among others from the association of the times of detected breaks in the decay of afterglow light curves with the collimation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-04-11 Arne Rau , Jochen Greiner , Robert Schwarz

We describe a search for X-ray afterglows from gamma-ray bursts using the ROSAT all-sky survey (RASS) data. If the emission in the soft X-ray band is significantly less beamed than in the gamma-ray band, we expect to detect many afterglows…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Greiner , D. H. Hartmann , W. Voges , Th. Boller , R. Schwarz , S. Zharikov

The structure of Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) jets impacts on their prompt and afterglow emission properties. Insights into the still unknown structure of GRBs can be achieved by studying how different structures impact on the luminosity function…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-03-05 O. S. Salafia , A. Pescalli , F. Nappo , G. Ghisellini , G. Ghirlanda , R. Salvaterra , G. Tagliaferri

Context. Gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows originate from the interaction between the relativistic ejecta and the surrounding medium. Consequently, their properties depend on several aspects: radiation mechanisms, relativistic shock…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-03 M. Marongiu , C. Guidorzi , G. Stratta , A. Gomboc , N. Jordana-Mitjans , S. Dichiara , S. Kobayashi , D. Kopac , C. G. Mundell

We present a powerful new tool for fitting broadband gamma-ray burst afterglow data, which can be used to determine the burst explosion parameters and the synchrotron radiation parameters. By making use of scale invariance between…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 H. J. van Eerten , A. J. van der Horst , A. I. MacFadyen

We selected a sample of 33 Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) detected by Swift, with known redshift and optical extinction at the host frame. For these, we constructed the de-absorbed and K-corrected X-ray and optical rest frame light curves. These…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. Ghisellini , M. Nardini , G. Ghirlanda , A. Celotti

We present an analytic model for measuring the jet core angle ($\theta_c$) and viewing angle ($\theta_{obs}$) of off-axis gamma-ray bursts independently of the jet angular structure outside of the core. We model the images of off-axis jets…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-14 Taya Govreen-Segal , Ehud Nakar

Motivated by GW170817 we examine constraints that observations put on the angular structure of long gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets. First, the relatively narrow observed distribution of $E_{X}/E_{\gamma}$ (the isotropic equivalent early X-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-12-12 Paz Beniamini , Ehud Nakar

In gamma-ray burst research it is quite common to fit the afterglow light curves with a broken power law to interpret the data. We apply this method to a computer simulated population of afterglows and find systematic differences between…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Gudlaugur Jóhannesson , Gunnlaugur Björnsson , Einar H. Gudmundsson

Using the generic hydrodynamic model of Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) afterglows, we calculate the radio afterglow light curves of low luminosity, high luminosity, failed and standard GRBs in different observational bands of FAST's energy window.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-18 Zhi-Bin Zhang , Si-Wei Kong , Yong-Feng Huang , Di Li , Long-Biao Li

Gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows are emissions from ultrarelativistic blast waves produced by a narrow jet interacting with surrounding matter. Since the first multimessenger observation of a neutron star merger, hydrodynamic modeling of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-07-12 Hao Wang , Ranadeep G. Dastidar , Dimitrios Giannios , Paul C. Duffell

The steepening (break) of the power-law fall-off observed in the optical emission of some GRB afterglows at epoch ~1 day is often attributed to a collimated outflow (jet), undergoing lateral spreading. Wider opening GRB ejecta with a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 A. Panaitescu

If gamma ray bursts are highly collimated, radiating into only a small fraction of the sky, the energy requirements of each event may be reduced by several (up to 4 - 6) orders of magnitude, and the event rate increased correspondingly. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 James E. Rhoads

The realization that GRBs release a constant amount of energy implies that the post jet-break afterglow evolution would be largely universal. For a given redshift all afterglows should be detected up to a fixed observer angle. We estimate…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Ehud Nakar , Tsvi Piran , Jonathan Granot

Achromatic breaks in afterglow light curves of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) arise naturally if the product of the jet's Lorentz factor \gamma and opening angle \Theta_j satisfies (\gamma \Theta_j) >> 1 at the onset of the afterglow phase, i.e.,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-03-28 Alexander Tchekhovskoy , Ramesh Narayan , Jonathan C. McKinney

According to the fireball model gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows are the result of a shock pushed into the surrounding medium by an extremely relativistic outflow from the GRB. By modeling the broadband spectrum, ranging from X-ray to radio…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 A. J. van der Horst , R. A. M. J. Wijers , E. Rol

Radio transient searches using traditional variability metrics struggle to recover sources whose evolution timescale is significantly longer than the survey cadence. Motivated by the recent observations of slowly evolving radio afterglows…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-16 James K. Leung , Tara Murphy , Emil Lenc , Philip G. Edwards , Giancarlo Ghirlanda , David L. Kaplan , Andrew O'Brien , Ziteng Wang