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Neutron stars emitting continuous gravitational waves may be regarded as gravitational pulsars, in the sense that it could be possible to track the evolution of their rotational period with long-baseline observations of next-generation…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-24 Marco Antonelli , Avishek Basu , Brynmor Haskell

Analysis of pulsar timing data have provided evidence for a stochastic gravitational wave background in the nHz frequency band. The most plausible source of such a background is the superposition of signals from millions of supermassive…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-05 Bence Bécsy , Neil J. Cornish , Patrick M. Meyers , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Gabriella Agazie , Akash Anumarlapudi , Anne M. Archibald , Zaven Arzoumanian , Paul T. Baker , Laura Blecha , Adam Brazier , Paul R. Brook , Sarah Burke-Spolaor , J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Maria Charisi , Shami Chatterjee , Katerina Chatziioannou , Tyler Cohen , James M. Cordes , Fronefield Crawford , H. Thankful Cromartie , Kathryn Crowter , Megan E. DeCesar , Paul B. Demorest , Timothy Dolch , Elizabeth C. Ferrara , William Fiore , Emmanuel Fonseca , Gabriel E. Freedman , Nate Garver-Daniels , Peter A. Gentile , Joseph Glaser , Deborah C. Good , Kayhan Gültekin , Jeffrey S. Hazboun , Sophie Hourihane , Ross J. Jennings , Aaron D. Johnson , Megan L. Jones , Andrew R. Kaiser , David L. Kaplan , Matthew Kerr , Joey S. Key , Nima Laal , Michael T. Lam , William G. Lamb , T. Joseph W. Lazio , Natalia Lewandowska , Tyson B. Littenberg , Tingting Liu , Duncan R. Lorimer , Jing Luo , Ryan S. Lynch , Chung-Pei Ma , Dustin R. Madison , Alexander McEwen , James W. McKee , Maura A. McLaughlin , Natasha McMann , Bradley W. Meyers , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Andrea Mitridate , Cherry Ng , David J. Nice , Stella Koch Ocker , Ken D. Olum , Timothy T. Pennucci , Benetge B. P. Perera , Nihan S. Pol , Henri A. Radovan , Scott M. Ransom , Paul S. Ray , Joseph D. Romano , Shashwat C. Sardesai , Ann Schmiedekamp , Carl Schmiedekamp , Kai Schmitz , Brent J. Shapiro-Albert , Xavier Siemens , Joseph Simon , Magdalena S. Siwek , Sophia V. Sosa Fiscella , Ingrid H. Stairs , Daniel R. Stinebring , Kevin Stovall , Abhimanyu Susobhanan , Joseph K. Swiggum , Stephen R. Taylor , Jacob E. Turner , Caner Unal , Michele Vallisneri , Rutger van Haasteren , Sarah J. Vigeland , Haley M. Wahl , Caitlin A. Witt , Olivia Young

A gravitational-wave background can be detected in pulsar-timing-array data as Hellings--Downs correlations among the timing residuals measured for different pulsars. The optimal statistic implements this concept as a classical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-02-14 Michele Vallisneri , Patrick M. Meyers , Katerina Chatziioannou , Alvin J. K. Chua

As a consequence of superradiant instability induced in Kerr black holes, ultra-light boson clouds can be a source of persistent gravitational waves, potentially detectable by current and future gravitational-wave detectors. These signals…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-05 S. D'Antonio , C. Palomba , S. Frasca , G. Intini , I. La Rosa , P. Leaci , S. Mastrogiovanni , A. Miller , F. Muciaccia , O. J. Piccinni , A. Singhal

We describe a coherent network algorithm for detection and reconstruction of gravitational wave bursts. The algorithm works for two and more arbitrarily aligned detectors and can be used for both all-sky and triggered burst searches. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 S. Klimenko , I. Yakushin , A. Mercer , G. Mitselmakher

Detection of continuous gravitational waves from rapidly-spinning neutron stars opens up the possibility of examining their internal physics. We develop a framework that leverages a future continuous gravitational wave detection to infer a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-15 Neil Lu , Karl Wette , Susan M. Scott , Andrew Melatos

We present a computational method to identify glitches in gravitational-wave data that occur nearby gravitational-wave signals from compact binary coalescences. The Q-transform, an established tool in LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA data analysis,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-18 Leah Vazsonyi , Derek Davis

The search for continuous gravitational-wave signals requires the development of techniques that can effectively explore the low-significance regions of the candidate set. In this paper we present the methods that were developed for a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-11 Berit Behnke , Maria Alessandra Papa , Reinhard Prix

A new detection method for gravitational waves (GWs) with ultra-low frequencies ($f_{\rm GW} \lesssim 10^{-10}~{\rm Hz}$), which is much lower than the range of pulsar timing arrays (PTAs), was proposed in Yonemaru et al. (2016). This…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-29 Shinnosuke Hisano , Naoyuki Yonemaru , Hiroki Kumamoto , Keitaro Takahashi

In the last decade, the use of an ensemble of radio pulsars to constrain the characteristic strain caused by a stochastic gravitational wave background has advanced the cause of detection of very low frequency gravitational waves…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-01-25 Bhal Chandra Joshi

When a gravitational wave encounters a massive object along the line of sight, repeated copies of the original signal may be produced due to gravitational lensing. In this paper, we develop a series of new machine-learning based statistical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-09 Giulia Campailla , Marco Raveri , Wayne Hu , Jose María Ezquiaga

We formulate the data analysis problem for the detection of the Newtonian coalescing-binary signal by a network of laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors that have arbitrary orientations, but are located at the same site. We use…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-07-09 Sukanta Bose , Sanjeev V. Dhurandhar , Archana Pai

Gravitational-wave searches for cosmic strings are currently hindered by the presence of detector glitches, some classes of which strongly resemble cosmic string signals. This confusion greatly reduces the efficiency of searches. A…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-23 Quirijn Meijer , Melissa Lopez , Daichi Tsuna , Sarah Caudill

A pulsar timing array is a Galactic-scale detector of nanohertz gravitational waves (GWs). Its target signals contain two components: the `Earth term' and the `pulsar term' corresponding to GWs incident on the Earth and pulsar respectively.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-06 Xingjiang Zhu , Linqing Wen , Jie Xiong , Yanjun Xu , Yan Wang , Soumya D. Mohanty , George Hobbs , Richard N. Manchester

Pulsar-timing-array experiments have reported evidence for a stochastic background of nanohertz gravitational waves consistent with the signal expected from a population of supermassive--black-hole binaries. Their analyses assume power-law…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-17 Gabriella Agazie , Akash Anumarlapudi , Anne M. Archibald , Zaven Arzoumanian , Jeremy George Baier , Paul T. Baker , Bence Bécsy , Laura Blecha , Adam Brazier , Paul R. Brook , Sarah Burke-Spolaor , J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Maria Charisi , Shami Chatterjee , Katerina Chatziioannou , Tyler Cohen , James M. Cordes , Neil J. Cornish , Fronefield Crawford , H. Thankful Cromartie , Kathryn Crowter , Megan E. DeCesar , Paul B. Demorest , Heling Deng , Lankeswar Dey , Timothy Dolch , Elizabeth C. Ferrara , William Fiore , Emmanuel Fonseca , Gabriel E. Freedman , Emiko C. Gardiner , Nate Garver-Daniels , Peter A. Gentile , Kyle A. Gersbach , Joseph Glaser , Deborah C. Good , Kayhan Gültekin , Jeffrey S. Hazboun , Ross J. Jennings , Aaron D. Johnson , Megan L. Jones , Andrew R. Kaiser , David L. Kaplan , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Matthew Kerr , Joey S. Key , Nima Laal , Michael T. Lam , William G. Lamb , Bjorn Larsen , T. Joseph W. Lazio , Natalia Lewandowska , Tingting Liu , Duncan R. Lorimer , Jing Luo , Ryan S. Lynch , Chung-Pei Ma , Dustin R. Madison , Alexander McEwen , James W. McKee , Maura A. McLaughlin , Natasha McMann , Bradley W. Meyers , Patrick M. Meyers , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Andrea Mitridate , Cherry Ng , David J. Nice , Stella Koch Ocker , Ken D. Olum , Timothy T. Pennucci , Benetge B. P. Perera , Nihan S. Pol , Henri A. Radovan , Scott M. Ransom , Paul S. Ray , Joseph D. Romano , Jessie C. Runnoe , Alexander Saffer , Shashwat C. Sardesai , Ann Schmiedekamp , Carl Schmiedekamp , Kai Schmitz , Brent J. Shapiro-Albert , Xavier Siemens , Joseph Simon , Magdalena S. Siwek , Sophia V. Sosa Fiscella , Ingrid H. Stairs , Daniel R. Stinebring , Kevin Stovall , Abhimanyu Susobhanan , Joseph K. Swiggum , Stephen R. Taylor , Jacob E. Turner , Caner Unal , Michele Vallisneri , Sarah J. Vigeland , Haley M. Wahl , Caitlin A. Witt , David Wright , Olivia Young

This document describes a code to perform parameter estimation and model selection in targeted searches for continuous gravitational waves from known pulsars using data from ground-based gravitational wave detectors. We describe the general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-26 Matthew Pitkin , Maximiliano Isi , John Veitch , Graham Woan

With the growing number of gravitational-wave detections, particularly from binary black hole mergers, there is increasing anticipation that an astrophysical background, formed by an ensemble of faint, high-redshift events, will be observed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-16 Xiaolin Liu , Sachiko Kuroyanagi

A number of pulsar timing arrays have recently reported preliminary evidence for the existence of a nanohertz frequency gravitational-wave background. These analyses rely on detailed noise analyses, which are inherently complex due to the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-25 Valentina Di Marco , Andrew Zic , Ryan M. Shannon , Eric Thrane

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) use an array of millisecond pulsars to search for gravitational waves in the nanohertz regime in pulse time of arrival data. This paper presents rigorous tests of PTA methods, examining their consistency across…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-14 Aaron D. Johnson , Patrick M. Meyers , Paul T. Baker , Neil J. Cornish , Jeffrey S. Hazboun , Tyson B. Littenberg , Joseph D. Romano , Stephen R. Taylor , Michele Vallisneri , Sarah J. Vigeland , Ken D. Olum , Xavier Siemens , Justin A. Ellis , Rutger van Haasteren , Sophie Hourihane , Gabriella Agazie , Akash Anumarlapudi , Anne M. Archibald , Zaven Arzoumanian , Laura Blecha , Adam Brazier , Paul R. Brook , Sarah Burke-Spolaor , Bence Bécsy , J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Maria Charisi , Shami Chatterjee , Katerina Chatziioannou , Tyler Cohen , James M. Cordes , Fronefield Crawford , H. Thankful Cromartie , Kathryn Crowter , Megan E. DeCesar , Paul B. Demorest , Timothy Dolch , Brendan Drachler , Elizabeth C. Ferrara , William Fiore , Emmanuel Fonseca , Gabriel E. Freedman , Nate Garver-Daniels , Peter A. Gentile , Joseph Glaser , Deborah C. Good , Kayhan Gültekin , Ross J. Jennings , Megan L. Jones , Andrew R. Kaiser , David L. Kaplan , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Matthew Kerr , Joey S. Key , Nima Laal , Michael T. Lam , William G. Lamb , T. Joseph W. Lazio , Natalia Lewandowska , Tingting Liu , Duncan R. Lorimer , Ryan S. Lynch , Chung-Pei Ma , Dustin R. Madison , Alexander McEwen , James W. McKee , Maura A. McLaughlin , Natasha McMann , Bradley W. Meyers , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Andrea Mitridate , Cherry Ng , David J. Nice , Stella Koch Ocker , Timothy T. Pennucci , Benetge B. P. Perera , Nihan S. Pol , Henri A. Radovan , Scott M. Ransom , Paul S. Ray , Shashwat C. Sardesai , Carl Schmiedekamp , Ann Schmiedekamp , Kai Schmitz , Brent J. Shapiro-Albert , Joseph Simon , Magdalena S. Siwek , Ingrid H. Stairs , Daniel R. Stinebring , Kevin Stovall , Abhimanyu Susobhanan , Joseph K. Swiggum , Jacob E. Turner , Caner Unal , Haley M. Wahl , Caitlin A. Witt , Olivia Young

We study the possibility to detect the gravitational wave background generated by all the neutron stars in the Galaxy with only one gravitational wave interferometric detector. The proposed strategy consists in squaring the detector's…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 A. Giazotto , S. Bonazzola , E. Gourgoulhon