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We formulate the Einstein-Cartan-Dirac equations in the Newman-Penrose (NP) formalism, thereby presenting a more accurate and explicit analysis of previous such studies. The equations show in a transparent way how the Einstein-Dirac…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-03 Swanand Khanapurkar , Abhinav Varma , Nehal Mittal , Navya Gupta , Tejinder P. Singh

In this paper, we present a detailed review/analysis of the Dirac quantisation of Hamiltonian systems with constraints. To this end, we use, as a guide, the physical example provided by the dynamics of a solid ball rolling, without…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 M. F. Araujo de Resende , Thales Machado F

The first order form of a three dimensional U(1) gauge theory in which a gauge invariant mass term appears is analyzed using the Dirac procedure. The form of the gauge transformation which leaves the action invariant is derived from the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 R. N. Ghalati , N. Kiriushcheva , S. V. Kuzmin , D. G. C. McKeon

In the paper "Constraint Quantization of Open String in Background $B$ field and Noncommutative D-brane", it is claimed that the boundary conditions lead to an infinite set of secondary constraints and Dirac brackets result in a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 F. Loran

The Hamiltonian description for a wide class of mechanical systems, having local symmetry transformations depending on time derivatives of the gauge parameters of arbitrary order, is constructed. The Poisson brackets of the Hamiltonian and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Kh. S. Nirov

We consider the canonical structure of the Green-Schwarz superstring in $9 + 1$ dimensions using the Dirac constraint formalism; it is shown that its structure is similar to that of the superparticle in $2 + 1$ and $3 + 1$ dimensions. A key…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-01-10 F. A. Chishtie , D. G. C. McKeon

We present the Hamiltonian formalism for $f(T)$ gravity, and prove that the theory has $\frac{n(n-3)}{2}+1$ degrees of freedom (d.o.f.) in $n$ dimensions. We start from a scalar-tensor action for the theory, which represents a scalar field…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-05-30 Rafael Ferraro , María José Guzmán

The constraint algebra is derived in the second order tetrad Hamiltonian formalism of the bigravity. This is done by a straightforward calculation without involving any insights, implicit functions, and Dirac brackets. The tetrad approach…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-03 Vladimir O. Soloviev

We discuss a version of Hamiltonian (2+1)-dimensional dynamics, in which one allows nonvanishing Poisson brackets also between the coordinates, and between the momenta. The resulting equations of motion are not any more derivable from a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Ciprian Acatrinei

We study the Hamiltonian formalism for second order and fourth order nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equations. In the case of second order equation, we consider cubic and logarithmic nonlinearities. Since the Lagrangians generating these…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-04-04 Ali Pazarci , Umut Can Turhan , Nader Ghazanfari , Ilmar Gahramanov

We apply the Dirac procedure for constrained systems to the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner formalism linearized around the Friedmann-Lemaitre universe. We explain and employ some basic concepts such as Dirac observables, Dirac brackets, gauge-fixing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-30 Przemysław Małkiewicz

In this paper the Dirac and Faddeev-Jackiw formulation for Einstein's theory in the $G \rightarrow 0$ limit is performed; the fundamental Dirac's and Faddeev-Jackiw brackets for the theory are obtained. First, the Dirac brackets are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-01-20 Alberto Escalante , Omar Rodríguez-Tzompantzi

Generalized Dilaton Theories in two dimensions coupled to Dirac fermions are subjected to constraint analysis. Three first class secondary constraints are found, corresponding to one local Lorentz symmetry and two diffeomorphisms. Moreover,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Rene Meyer

In the Dirac bracket approach to dynamical systems with second class constraints observables are represented by elements of a quotient Dirac bracket algebra. We describe families of new realizations of this algebra through quotients of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 A. V. Bratchikov

There is a review of the physical theories needing Dirac-Bergmann theory of constraints at the Hamiltonian level due to the existence of gauge symmetries. It contains: i) the treatment of systems of point particles in special relativity…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-02-27 Luca Lusanna

An extension of the Dirac procedure for the quantization of constrained systems is necessary to address certain issues that are left open in Dirac's original proposal. These issues play an important role especially in the context of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 A. Ashtekar , Ranjeet S. Tate

Conformally gauge-fixed Polyakov D1 brane action is seen to be a constrained sys tem in the sense of Dirac when it is considered on the light-front in contrast t o the case when it is consdired in the instant-form. The model is quantized…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-02-19 D. S. Kulshreshtha

In this work, a conformable singular system with second-class constraints is discussed. The conformable Poisson bracket (CDB) of two functions is defined. and, the Dirac theory is developed to be applicable to conformable singular systems.…

Classical Physics · Physics 2023-08-01 Eqab. M. Rabei , Mohamed. Al-Masaeed , Dumitru Baleanu

We show the well-posed variational principle in constraint systems. In a naive procedure of the variational principle with constraints, the proper number of boundary conditions does not match with that of physical degrees of freedom…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-12-25 Keisuke Izumi , Keigo Shimada , Kyosuke Tomonari , Masahide Yamaguchi

We review the Dirac formalism for dealing with constraints in a canonical Hamiltonian formulation and discuss gauge freedom and display constraints for gauge theories in a general context. We introduce the Dirac bracket and show that it…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-07-21 Jon Allen , Richard A. Matzner