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Constant-factor, polynomial-time approximation algorithms are presented for two variations of the traveling salesman problem with time windows. In the first variation, the traveling repairman problem, the goal is to find a tour that visits…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-05-28 Greg N. Frederickson , Barry Wittman

TSP (Traveling Salesman Problem), a classic NP-complete problem in combinatorial optimization, is of great significance in multiple fields. Exact algorithms for TSP are not practical due to their exponential time cost. Thus, approximate…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Yang Li , Junbin Gao , Mingyuan Bai , Chengjun Li , Gang Liu

Let $P$ be a set of points in $\mathbb{R}^d$, and let $\alpha \ge 1$ be a real number. We define the distance between two points $p,q\in P$ as $|pq|^{\alpha}$, where $|pq|$ denotes the standard Euclidean distance between $p$ and $q$. We…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2010-02-03 Mark de Berg , Fred van Nijnatten , René Sitters , Gerhard J. Woeginger , Alexander Wolff

STSP seeks a pair of pickup and delivery tours in two distinct networks, where the two tours are related by LIFO contraints. We address here the problem approximability. We notably establish that asymmetric MaxSTSP and MinSTSP12 are APX,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-09-28 Sophie Toulouse

In the maximum scatter traveling salesman problem the objective is to find a tour that maximizes the shortest distance between any two consecutive nodes. This model can be applied to manufacturing processes, particularly laser melting…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-07-17 Isabella Hoffmann , Sascha Kurz , Jörg Rambau

Among various variants of the traveling salesman problem, the s-t-path graph TSP has the special feature that we know the exact integrality ratio, 3/2, and an approximation algorithm matching this ratio. In this paper, we go below this…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Vera Traub , Jens Vygen

We present a trajectory optimization algorithm for the traveling salesman problem (TSP) in graphs of convex sets (GCS). Our framework uses an augmented graph of convex sets to encode the TSP specification and solve it exactly as a shortest…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Gael Luna , Tyler Summers

This paper describes TSP exact solution of polynomial complexity. It is considered properties of proposed method. Effectiveness of proposed solution is illustrated by outcomes of computer modeling.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Vadim Yatsenko

The generalized traveling salesman problem (GTSP) is an extension of the well-known traveling salesman problem. In GTSP, we are given a partition of cities into groups and we are required to find a minimum length tour that includes exactly…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-03-30 Gregory Gutin , Daniel Karapetyan

The Steiner Multicycle problem consists of, given a complete graph, a weight function on its vertices, and a collection of pairwise disjoint non-unitary sets called terminal sets, finding a minimum weight collection of vertex-disjoint…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Cristina G. Fernandes , Carla N. Lintzmayer , Phablo F. S. Moura

This paper proposes a dual divide-and-optimize algorithm (DualOpt) for solving the large-scale traveling salesman problem (TSP). DualOpt combines two complementary strategies to improve both solution quality and computational efficiency.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Shipei Zhou , Yuandong Ding , Chi Zhang , Zhiguang Cao , Yan Jin

This paper presents a novel and efficient heuristic framework for approximating the solutions to the multiple traveling salesmen problem (m-TSP) and other variants on the TSP. The approach adopted in this paper is an extension of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-04-15 Mayank Baranwal , Brian Roehl , Srinivasa M. Salapaka

The maximum traveling salesman problem (Max~TSP) consists of finding a Hamiltonian cycle with the maximum total weight of the edges in a given complete weighted graph. We prove that, in the case when the edge weights are induced by a metric…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Vladimir Shenmaier

We consider a special case of the generalized minimum spanning tree problem (GMST) and the generalized travelling salesman problem (GTSP) where we are given a set of points inside the integer grid (in Euclidean plane) where each grid cell…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-07-17 Binay Bhattacharya , Ante Ćustić , Akbar Rafiey , Arash Rafiey , Vladyslav Sokol

The famous Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is an important category of optimization problems that is mostly encountered in various areas of science and engineering. Studying optimization problems motivates to develop advanced techniques…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-29 Karthik Srinivasan , Saipriya Satyajit , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

We study the variant of the Euclidean Traveling Salesman problem where instead of a set of points, we are given a set of lines as input, and the goal is to find the shortest tour that visits each line. The best known upper and lower bounds…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Antonios Antoniadis , Sándor Kisfaludi-Bak , Bundit Laekhanukit , Daniel Vaz

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is one of the most prominent combinatorial optimization problems. Given a complete graph G = (V, E) and non-negative distances d for every edge, the TSP asks for a shortest tour through all vertices with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-30 Ulrich Pferschy , Rostislav Stanek

The Moving Target Traveling Salesman Problem (MT-TSP) seeks a trajectory that intercepts several moving targets, within a particular time window for each target. When generic nonlinear target trajectories or kinematic constraints on the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Anoop Bhat , Geordan Gutow , Bhaskar Vundurthy , Zhongqiang Ren , Sivakumar Rathinam , Howie Choset

Prize-Collecting TSP is a variant of the traveling salesperson problem where one may drop vertices from the tour at the cost of vertex-dependent penalties. The quality of a solution is then measured by adding the length of the tour and the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Jannis Blauth , Nathan Klein , Martin Nägele

We address the Diverse Traveling Salesman Problem (D-TSP), a bi-criteria optimization challenge that seeks a set of $k$ distinct TSP tours. The objective requires every selected tour to have a length at most $c|T^*|$ (where $|T^*|$ is the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Hao-Tsung Yang , Ssu-Yuan Lo , Kuan-Lun Chen , Ching-Kai Wang