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Propagation of light through media with a complex refractive index in which gain and loss are engineered to be $PT$ symmetric has many remarkable features. In particular the usual unitarity relations are not satisfied, so that the…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-03 H. F. Jones

We show that a thin superconductor slab illuminated by a desired pattern of light behaves as a completely controllable two-dimensional photonic media that could be applied in a wide range of optical devices. In this case, the permittivity…

Superconductivity · Physics 2012-05-15 Hamed Kamrani , Mohammad Saeed Sharif Azadeh , Alireza Kokabi , Mehdi Fardmanesh

Conventional mirrors obey Snell's reflection law: a plane wave is reflected as a plane wave, at the same angle. To engineer spatial distributions of fields reflected from a mirror, one can either shape the reflector (for example, creating a…

Optics · Physics 2015-03-11 V. S. Asadchy , Y. Radi , J. Vehmas , S. A. Tretyakov

The aim of an invisibility device is to guide light around any object put inside, being able to hide objects from sight. In this work, we propose a novel design of dielectric invisibility media based on negative refraction and optical…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 T. Ochiai , U. Leonhardt , J. C. Nacher

Integrating conventional optics into compact nanostructured surfaces is the goal of flat optics. Despite the enormous progress of this technology, there are still critical challenges for real world applications due to a limited efficiency…

Surface plasmon resonances of metallic nanostructures offer great opportunities to guide and manipulate light on the nanoscale. In the design of novel plasmonic devices, a central topic is to clarify the intricate relationship between the…

Optics · Physics 2019-09-11 Sanghyeon Yu , Habib Ammari

As a consequence of the wave nature of light, invisibility devices based on isotropic media cannot be perfect. The principal distortions of invisibility are due to reflections and time delays. Reflections can be made exponentially small for…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-11 Ulf Leonhardt

In this article we propose a new design methodology allowing us to control both ampli- tude and phase of electromagnetic waves from a cylindrical incident wave. This results in isotropic materials and does not resort to transformation…

Classical Physics · Physics 2017-08-04 Yangjié Liu , B. Vial , S. A. R. Horsley , T. G. Philbin , Y. Hao

The advent of two-dimensional metamaterials in recent years has ushered in a revolutionary means to manipulate the behavior of light on the nanoscale. The effective parameters of these architected materials render unprecedented control over…

Optics · Physics 2018-11-14 Zhaocheng Liu , Dayu Zhu , Sean P. Rodrigues , Kyu-Tae Lee , Wenshan Cai

Metasurfaces are an emerging technology that may supplant many of the conventional optics found in imaging devices, displays, and precision scientific instruments. Here, we develop a method for designing optical systems composed of multiple…

Optics · Physics 2019-10-23 Adam S. Backer

We propose a framework for designing coherent optical environments that enable versatile and dynamic optical manipulation. In contrast to conventional material-based near-field platforms, our approach employs a structured coherent light…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-07 Xiaoshu Zhao , Xu Yuan , Hongxia Zheng , Huajin Chen , Zhifang Lin

Transformational optics are shown to markedly enhance the control of the electromagnetic wave trajectories within metamaterials with unconventional functionalities such as a beam splitter, a toroidal carpet, a Luneburg lens and a black…

Metamaterials are artificially engineered structures that manipulate electromagnetic waves, having optical properties absent in natural materials. Recently, machine learning for the inverse design of metamaterials has drawn attention.…

We use supersymmetry transformations to design transparent and one-way reflectionless (thus unidirectionally invisible) complex crystals with balanced gain and loss profiles. The scattering coefficients are investigated using the transfer…

Optics · Physics 2014-03-14 Bikashkali Midya

We derive upper bounds to free-space concentration of electromagnetic waves, mapping out the limits to maximum intensity for any spot size and optical beam-shaping device. For sub-diffraction-limited optical beams, our bounds suggest the…

Optics · Physics 2020-07-08 Hyungki Shim , Haejun Chung , Owen D. Miller

Performing linear operations using optical devices is a crucial building block in many fields ranging from telecommunication to optical analogue computation and machine learning. For many of these applications, key requirements are…

Inverse design in photonics has gathered increasing attention as a powerful approach that goes beyond the intuition-based designs. In this Letter, we present the inverse design and experimental demonstration of compact optical cloaks at…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-09-08 Mediha Tutgun , Emre Bor , Mirbek Turduev , Hamza Kurt

Flat optics has demonstrated great advances in miniaturizing conventional, bulky optical elements due to the recent developments in metasurface design. Specific applications of such designs include spatial differentiation and the…

Optics · Physics 2022-02-11 Olivia Y. Long , Cheng Guo , Weiliang Jin , Shanhui Fan

Traditional optical elements and conventional metasurfaces obey shift-invariance in the paraxial regime. For imaging systems obeying paraxial shift-invariance, a small shift in input angle causes a corresponding shift in the sensor image.…

We present an approach for the study and design of reflectors with rotational or translational symmetry that redirect light from a point source into any desired radiant intensity distribution. This method is based on a simple conformal map…

Optics · Physics 2019-09-04 Luis A. Aleman Castaneda , Miguel A. Alonso