Related papers: Extracting longitudinal shower development informa…
A silicon-tungsten (Si-W) sampling calorimeter, consisting of 19 alternate layers of silicon pad detectors (individual pad area of 1~cm$^2$) and tungsten absorbers (each of one radiation length), has been constructed for measurement of…
The lateral distribution function (LDF) for coherent electromagnetic radiation from air showers initiated by ultra-high-energy cosmic rays is calculated using a macroscopic description. A new expression is derived to calculate the coherent…
We describe a method of reconstructing air showers induced by cosmic rays using deep learning techniques. We simulate an observatory consisting of ground-based particle detectors with fixed locations on a regular grid. The detector's…
We investigate the feasibility of detecting extensive air showers by the radar technique at viewing angles smaller than $\sim 25^\circ$ to the shower axis. Considering a bistatic radar setup and shower geometries in which the receiver…
Simulations of particle showers in calorimeters are computationally time-consuming, as they have to reproduce both energy depositions and their considerable fluctuations. A new approach to ultra-fast simulations are generative models where…
The property of extended longitudinal scaling of rapidity distributions was noticed recently over a broad range of beam energies. It is shown here that this property is consistent with predictions of the statistical thermal model up to the…
Denoising diffusion models have gained prominence in various generative tasks, prompting their exploration for the generation of calorimeter responses. Given the computational challenges posed by detector simulations in high-energy physics…
Hadronic showers are characterized by a rich particle structure in the spatial as well as in the time domain. The prompt component comes from relativistic fragments that deposit energy at the ns scale, while late components are associated…
Based on solutions of the cascade equations, the air-shower universality is a framework that for all air showers with the same energy, zenith angle, depth of shower maximum, and muon number predicts the same longitudinal, lateral, and…
For calorimeter applications requiring precise time stamping, the time structure of hadronic showers in the detector is a crucial issue. This applies in particular to detector concepts for CLIC, where a hadronic calorimeter with tungsten…
Measuring the energy spectrum of air shower components crucial for understanding primary cosmic rays and the physical processes governing their interactions in the atmosphere. However, accurately measuring the energy of shower particles…
Comparisons of experimental data with theoretical predictions for collider processes containing hadronic jets rely on shower Monte Carlo event generators to include corrections to perturbative calculations from hadronization, parton…
In particle physics experiments, the quality of calorimetric particle detection is typically considerably worse for hadrons than for electromagnetic showers. In this paper, we investigate the root causes of this problem and evaluate two…
The RADiCAL Collaboration is conducting R\&D on high performance electromagnetic (EM) calorimetry to address the challenges expected in future collider experiments under conditions of high luminosity and/or high irradiation (FCC-ee, FCC-hh…
Gamma-hadron discrimination based on shower observables is essential for identifying gamma-ray astrophysical sources at the highest energies. In this work, we introduce $P^{\alpha, T}_{\rm tail}$, a new discrimination variable for…
Based on a novel shower reconstruction algorithm, the study of two particle separation with tile hadron calorimeter (HCAL) is performed. The separability of two close-by particles is found to be strongly dependent on transverse and…
In this article, I will review how observations performed with extensive air showers are being used to probe hadronic interactions at high energy. I will briefly overview the new studies exploring the connection between the dynamics of air…
The Pierre Auger Observatory allows the measurement of both longitudinal profiles and lateral particle distributions of high-energy showers. The former trace the overall shower development, mainly of the electromagnetic component close to…
The diffraction patterns of crystalline materials with local order contain sharp Bragg reflections as well as highly structured diffuse scattering. The instrumental requirements, experimental parameters and data processing techniques for…
The generic properties of the emission of coherent radiation from a moving charge distribution are discussed. The general structure of the charge and current distributions in an extensive air shower are derived. These are subsequently used…