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We derive an expression for the luminosity distance as a function of redshift for a flat Robertson-Walker spacetime perturbed by arbitrary scalar perturbations possibly produced by a modified gravity theory with two different scalar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-03-12 Éanna É. Flanagan , Eran Rosenthal , Ira M. Wasserman

We present a carefully selected sub-sample of Swift Long Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs), that is complete in redshift. The sample is constructed by considering only bursts with favorable observing conditions for ground-based follow-up searches,…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are intense, short-lived bursts of gamma-ray radiation observed up to a high redshift ($z \sim 10$) due to their luminosities. Thus, they can serve as cosmological tools to probe the early Universe. However, we need…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are among the most luminous electromagnetic transients in the universe, providing unique insights into extreme astrophysical processes and serving as promising probes for cosmology. Unlike Type Ia supernovae, which…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-28 Chen Deng , Yong-Feng Huang , Fan Xu , Abdusattar Kurban

We examine the prospects of the high redshift Long Gamma Ray Bursts (LGRB) Hubble Diagram as a test of the basic cosmological principles. Analysis of the Hubble Diagram allows us to test several fundamental cosmological principles using the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 S. I. Shirokov , I. V. Sokolov , N. Yu. Lovyagin , L. Amati , Yu. V. Baryshev , V. V. Sokolov , V. L. Gorokhov

We discuss methods that can be used to estimate the spatial correlation length r_0 of galaxy samples from the observed number of pairs with similar redshifts. The standard method is unnecessarily noisy and can be compromised by errors in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Kurt L. Adelberger

Due to their cosmological distances high-energy astrophysical sources allow for unprecedented tests of fundamental physics. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) comprise among the most sensitive laboratories for exploring the violation of the central…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-12-19 Valeri Vardanyan , Volodymyr Takhistov , Metin Ata , Kohta Murase

Using the linear theory of perturbations in General Relativity, we express a set of consistency relations that can be observationally tested with current and future large scale structure surveys. We then outline a stringent…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yong-Seon Song , Olivier Doré

The cosmic evolution of gamma-ray burst (GRB) luminosity is essential for revealing the GRB physics and for using GRBs as cosmological probes. We investigate the luminosity evolution of long GRBs with a large sample of 258 {\em Swift}/BAT…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-04-06 Can-Min Deng , Xiang-Gao Wang , Bei-Bei Guo , Rui-Jing Lu , Yuan-Zhu Wang , Jun-Jie Wei , Xue-Feng Wu , En-Wei Liang

In this paper, we examine the spacial distribution of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) using a sample of 373 objects. We subdivide the GRB data into two redshift intervals over the redshift range $0<z< 6.7$. We measure the two-point correlation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-07 Ming-Hua Li , Hai-Nan Lin

Gamma ray bursts can potentially be used as distance indicators, providing the possibility of extending the Hubble diagram to redshifts ~7. Here we follow the analysis of Schaefer (2007), with the aim of distinguishing the timescape…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-02-01 Peter R. Smale

We use the possible Cepheid-like luminosity estimator for the long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) developed by Reichart et al. (2000) to estimate the intrinsic luminosity, and thus the redshift, of 907 long-duration GRBs from the BATSE 4B…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Timothy Donaghy , Donald Q. Lamb , Daniel E. Reichart , Carlo Graziani

Measurements of the cross-correlation between the extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGB) and large-scale structure provide a novel probe of dark matter on extragalactic scales. We focus on luminous red galaxies (LRGs) as optimal targets…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-06 Masato Shirasaki , Shunsaku Horiuchi , Naoki Yoshida

Future detection of high-redshift gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) will be an important tool for studying the early Universe. Fast and accurate redshift estimation for detected GRBs is key for encouraging rapid follow-up observations by ground- and…

The 2dF-SDSS LRG and QSO (2SLAQ) survey is a new survey of distant Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs) and faint quasars selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) multi-color photometric data and spectroscopically observed using the 2dF…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Robert Nichol , Russell Cannon , Isaac Roseboom , David Wake

We present the statistical analysis of the properties of gamma-ray bursts with measured host galaxy redshifts and peaked optical light curves in proper frames of reference. The optical transients are classified by comparing the time lag of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-12-08 Gregory Beskin , Gor Oganesyan , Giuseppe Greco , Sergey Karpov

BL Lac objects (BLL) are defined by the presence of very weak (typically $<$ 5 {\AA}) or even absent spectral lines. This makes determining their distance particularly challenging, especially at high redshift, where the sources are fainter…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-01 Renato Falomo , Aldo Treves , Simona Paiano , Riccardo Scarpa

In this paper, we continue to build support for the proposal to use gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) as standard candles in constructing the Hubble Diagram at redshifts beyond the current reach of Type Ia supernova observations. We confirm that…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-12 Jun-Jie Wei , Xue-Feng Wu , Fulvio Melia

Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) have emerged as a powerful tool for cosmological studies, particularly through the dispersion measure-redshift ($\mathrm{DM}-z$) relation. This work proposes a novel calibration method for FRBs using the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-07 Ran Gao , He Gao , Zhengxiang Li , Yuan-Pei Yang

Two different luminosity indicators have been recently proposed for Gamma Ray Bursts that use the lag between light curve peaks with hard and soft photons as well as the variability ('spikiness') of the burst light curve. Schaefer, Deng, &…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Bradley E. Schaefer