Related papers: Goldbach Conjecture and First-Order Arithmetic

For two odd primes $p$ and $q$ such that $p<q$, let $A(p,q):=(a_k)_{k=1}^{\infty}$ be the arithmetic progression whose $k$th term is given by $a_k=(k-1)(q-p)+p$ (i.e., with $a_1=p$ and $a_2=q$). Here we conjecture that for every positive…

We formulate some refinements of Goldbach's conjectures based on heuristic arguments and numerical data. For instance, any even number greater than 4 is conjectured to be a sum of two primes with one prime being 3 mod 4. In general, for…

Based on the propositional description of even Goldbach conjecture, in order to verify the truth of even Goldbach conjecture, we will deeply discuss this question and present a new computing model of $G{{N}_{e}}TM$ Turing Machine. This…

Continuous first-order logic is used to apply model-theoretic analysis to analytic structures (e.g. Hilbert spaces, Banach spaces, probability spaces, etc.). Classical computable model theory is used to examine the algorithmic structure of…

A well-known conjecture of Orlov asks whether the existence of a full exceptional collection implies rationality of the underlying variety. We prove this conjecture for arithmetic toric varieties over general fields. We also investigate a…

This article is a survey based on our earlier paper ("The 'Vertical' Generalization of the Binary Goldbach's Conjecture as Applied on 'Iterative' Primes with (Recursive) Prime Indexes (i-primeths)" [11]), a paper in which we have proposed a…

The goal of this paper is to describe an elementary combinatorial heuristic that predicts Hardy and Littlewood's extended Goldbach's conjecture. We examine common features of other heuristics in additive prime number theory, such as…

According to the similarity theorem on the distributions of the effective prime factors and by using two-part method, Goldbach theorem and, consequently, Goldbach conjecture was proved.

Due to the distribution of primes among integers, we establish an upper bound for the probability $\mathbb{P}_n$ that the Goldbach conjecture fails. Assuming the conjecture holds true for all even number less than $2N$, we prove this…

In this paper we formulate two generalizations of Agoh's conjecture. We also formulate conjectures involving congruence modulo primes about hyperbolic secant, hyperbolic tangent, N\"orlund numbers, as well as about coefficients of…

The famous strongly binary Goldbach's conjecture asserts that every even number $2n \geq 8$ can always be expressible as the sum of two distinct odd prime numbers. We use a new approach to dealing with this conjecture. Specifically, we…

It is well-known that extending the Hilbert axiomatic system for first-order intuitionistic logic with an exclusion operator, that is dual to implication, collapses the domains of models into a constant domain. This makes it an interesting…

The ternary Goldbach conjecture (or three-prime conjecture) states that every odd number greater than 5 can be written as the sum of three primes. The purpose of this book is to give the first proof of the conjecture, in full.

In this article we study in depth the Dirichlet theorem, which states that if a, b are relative prime integers, the sequence p = an + b contains infinite prime numbers, we simplify and generalize this theorem, we enunciate some special…

In this paper we prove that the binary Goldbach conjecture for sufficiently large even integers would follow under the assumption that both the Elliott-Halberstam conjecture and a variant of the Elliott-Halberstam conjecture twisted by the…

We introduce a collection of polynomials $F_N$, associated to each positive integer $N$, whose divisibility properties yield a reformulation of the Goldbach conjecture. While this reformulation certainly does not lead to a resolution of the…

A natural unit interval order is a naturally labelled partially ordered set that avoids patterns ${\bf 3} + {\bf 1}$ and $\bf 2 + 2$. To each natural unit interval order one can associate a symmetric function. The Stanley-Stembridge…

In this paper we propose an alternative formulation of the binary and ternary Goldbach conjectures as the systems of equations involving the Euler $\phi$-function.

We formulate a conjecture classifying algebraic solutions to (possibly non-linear) algebraic differential equations, in terms of the primes appearing in the denominators of the coefficients of their Taylor expansion at a non-singular point.…

The Goldbach conjecture that, every even integer is the sum of two primes, has been open since 1742. This paper details a road map to a proof of Goldbachs conjecture based on a function that estimates the number of Goldbach pairs. It is…