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The rms-radius $R$ of the proton charge distribution is a fundamental quantity needed for precision physics. This radius, traditionally determined from elastic electron-proton scattering via the slope of the Sachs form factor $G_e(q^2)$…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2018-01-08 Ingo Sick

New Results on the measurement of the proton structure function F_2(x,Q^2) are reported for momentum transfers squared Q^2 >= 1.5 GeV^2 and Bjorken x >= 3.5 10^{-5} using data collected by the HERA experiments H1 and ZEUS in 1994. F_2…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 Gregorio Bernardi

The pion and kaon electromagnetic form factors $F_{M}(Q^2)$ are calculated at the leading order of pQCD using the running coupling constant method. In computations dependence of the meson distribution amplitudes on the hard scale $Q^2$ is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 S. S. Agaev

New results about the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon are obtained with a semirelativistic version of the hypercentral constituent quark model (hCQM) and a relativistic current. The complex structure of the constituent quarks is…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-07-21 M. De Sanctis , M. M. Giannini , E. Santopinto , A. Vassallo

The proton's elastic electromagnetic form factors are calculated using an Ansatz for the nucleon's Poincare' covariant Faddeev amplitude that only retains scalar diquark correlations. A spectator approximation is employed for the current.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-01-14 J. C. R. Bloch , A. Krassnigg , C. D. Roberts

The neutron charge form factor $G_{En}(q)$ is determined from an analysis of the deuteron quadrupole form factor $F_{C2}$ data. Recent calculations, based on a variety of different model interactions and currents, indicate that the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 R. Schiavilla , I. Sick

A symmetry-preserving truncation of the quantum field equations describing hadron properties is used to deliver parameter-free predictions for all nucleon elastic electromagnetic form factors and their flavour separation to large values of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-11-12 Zhao-Qian Yao , Daniele Binosi , Zhu-Fang Cu , Craig D. Roberts

We present the first measurements of the electric and magnetic form factors of the neutron in the time-like (positive $q^2$) region as function of four-momentum transfer. We explored the differential cross sections of the reaction $e^+e^-…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-03-30 BESIII Collaboration , M. Ablikim , M. N. Achasov , P. Adlarson , R. Aliberti , A. Amoroso , M. R. An , Q. An , Y. Bai , O. Bakina , I. Balossino , Y. Ban , V. Batozskaya , K. Begzsuren , N. Berger , M. Bertani , D. Bettoni , F. Bianchi , E. Bianco , J. Bloms , A. Bortone , I. Boyko , R. A. Briere , A. Brueggemann , H. Cai , X. Cai , A. Calcaterra , G. F. Cao , N. Cao , S. A. Cetin , J. F. Chang , T. T. Chang , W. L. Chang , G. R. Che , G. Chelkov , C. Chen , Chao Chen , G. Chen , H. S. Chen , M. L. Chen , S. J. Chen , S. M. Chen , T. Chen , X. R. Chen , X. T. Chen , Y. B. Chen , Y. Q. Chen , Z. J. Chen , W. S. Cheng , S. K. Choi , X. Chu , G. Cibinetto , S. C. Coen , F. Cossio , J. J. Cui , H. L. Dai , J. P. Dai , A. Dbeyssi , R. E. de Boer , D. Dedovich , Z. Y. Deng , A. Denig , I. Denysenko , M. Destefanis , F. De Mori , B. Ding , Y. Ding , Y. Ding , J. Dong , L. Y. Dong , M. Y. Dong , X. Dong , S. X. Du , Z. H. Duan , P. Egorov , Y. L. Fan , J. Fang , S. S. Fang , W. X. Fang , Y. Fang , R. Farinelli , L. Fava , F. Feldbauer , G. Felici , C. Q. Feng , J. H. Feng , K Fischer , M. Fritsch , C. Fritzsch , C. D. Fu , Y. W. Fu , H. Gao , Y. N. Gao , Yang Gao , S. Garbolino , I. Garzia , P. T. Ge , Z. W. Ge , C. Geng , E. M. Gersabeck , A Gilman , K. Goetzen , L. Gong , W. X. Gong , W. Gradl , S. Gramigna , M. Greco , M. H. Gu , Y. T. Gu , C. Y Guan , Z. L. Guan , A. Q. Guo , L. B. Guo , R. P. Guo , Y. P. Guo , A. Guskov , X. T. H. , W. Y. Han , X. Q. Hao , F. A. Harris , K. K. He , K. L. He , F. H. Heinsius , C. H. Heinz , Y. K. Heng , C. Herold , T. Holtmann , P. C. Hong , G. Y. Hou , Y. R. Hou , Z. L. Hou , H. M. Hu , J. F. Hu , T. Hu , Y. Hu , G. S. Huang , K. X. Huang , L. Q. Huang , X. T. Huang , Y. P. Huang , T. Hussain , N Hüsken , W. Imoehl , M. Irshad , J. Jackson , S. Jaeger , S. Janchiv , J. H. Jeong , Q. Ji , Q. P. Ji , X. B. Ji , X. L. Ji , Y. Y. Ji , Z. K. Jia , P. C. Jiang , S. S. Jiang , T. 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Zhao , A. Zhemchugov , B. Zheng , J. P. Zheng , W. J. Zheng , Y. H. Zheng , B. Zhong , X. Zhong , H. Zhou , L. P. Zhou , X. Zhou , X. R. Zhou , X. Y. Zhou , Y. Z. Zhou , J. Zhu , K. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , L. Zhu , L. X. Zhu , S. H. Zhu , S. Q. Zhu , T. J. Zhu , W. J. Zhu , Y. C. Zhu , Z. A. Zhu , J. H. Zou , J. Zu

As well known, spacelike proton form factors expressed in the Breit frame may be interpreted as the Fourier transform of static space distributions of electric charge and current. In particular, the electric form factor is simply the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-01-18 Andrea Bianconi , Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson

We embark on a systematical analysis of the quark and gluon gravitational form factors (GFFs) of the proton, by connecting energy-momentum tensor (EMT) and the near-threshold vector meson photoproduction (NTVMP). Concretely, the quark…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-04-04 Xiao-Yun Wang , Fancong Zeng , Jiyuan Zhang

We calculate the electromagnetic (EM) form factors of the pseudoscalar mesons in the light-front framework. Specifically, these form factors are extracted from the relevant matrix elements directly, instead of choosing the Breit frame. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-09-13 Chien-Wen Hwang

Relativistic integral representation in terms of experimental neutron-proton scattering phase shifts alone is used to compute the charge form factor of the deuteron $G_{Cd}(Q^2)$. The results of numerical calculations of $|G_{Cd}(Q^2)|$ are…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrei V. Afanasev , V. D. Afanasev , S. V. Trubnikov

To know and understand form factors of hadronic currents is of decisive importance for analysing exclusive weak decays. The ratios of different form factors of a given process depend on the relativistic spin structure of initial and final…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-07-19 B. Stech

We present the proton and neutron vector form factors in a convenient parametric form that is optimized for momentum transfers $\lesssim$ few GeV$^2$. The form factors are determined from a global fit to electron scattering data and precise…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-10-23 Kaushik Borah , Richard J. Hill , Gabriel Lee , Oleksandr Tomalak

In this paper, we investigate the electromagnetic form factors (EMFFs) and charge radii of pseudoscalar mesons within the light-front quark model (LFQM). Using parameters derived from the confinement of mesonic decay constants, we obtain…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-11 Shuai Xu , Xiao-Nan Li , Xing-Gang Wu

The nucleon elastic form factors are generally interpreted as a mapping of the charge and magnetic current distributions of the proton and neutron. New high Q^2 measurements have opened up fundamental questions about G_ep that remain to be…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2009-06-02 R. Bradford , A. Bodek , H. Budd , J. Arrington

We use local quark-hadron duality to estimate the purely nonperturbative soft contribution to the $\gamma^* p \to \Delta$ form factors. Our results are in agreement with existing experimental data. We predict that the ratio…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 V. M. Belyaev , A. V. Radyushkin

In the following article we describe our measurement of the proton structure function $F_2$ and of the gluon momentum density $xg$ in $ep$ collisions with the ZEUS detector at HERA in 1993. The results for $F_2$ confirm our measurement from…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 J. I. Fleck

Measurements of the proton and deuteron $F_2$ structure functions are presented. The data, taken at Jefferson Lab Hall C, span the four-momentum transfer range $0.06 < Q^2 < 2.8$ GeV$^2$, and Bjorken $x$ values from 0.009 to 0.45, thus…

In the last few years there has been considerable progress in the study of the electromagnetic form factors of baryons in the timelike region, through electron-positron scattering, with increasing squared transfer momentum $q^2$. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-27 G. Ramalho , M. T. Peña , K. Tsushima , Myung-Ki Cheoun
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