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We study various methods to generate ensembles of random density matrices of a fixed size N, obtained by partial trace of pure states on composite systems. Structured ensembles of random pure states, invariant with respect to local unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-27 Karol Zyczkowski , Karol A. Penson , Ion Nechita , Benoit Collins

In this note we give explicitly a family of probability densities, the moments of which are Fuss-Catalan numbers. The densities appear naturally in random matrices, free probability and other contexts.

Probability · Mathematics 2010-08-03 Dang-Zheng Liu , Chunwei Song , Zheng-Dong Wang

This is a joint introduction to classical and free probability, which are twin sisters. We first review the foundations of classical probability, notably with the main limiting theorems (CLT, CCLT, PLT, CPLT), and with a look into examples…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-30 Teo Banica

In classical physics the joint probability of a number of individually rare independent events is given by the Poisson distribution. It describes, for example, unidirectional transfer of population between the densely and sparsely populated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Dmitri Sokolovski

The tensor flattenings appear naturally in quantum information when one produces a density matrix by partially tracing the degrees of freedom of a pure quantum state. In this paper, we study the joint $^*$-distribution of the flattenings of…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-07-24 Stéphane Dartois , Camille Male , Ion Nechita

Using the proposed by us thinning approach to describe extreme matrices, we find an explicit exponentiation formula linking classical extreme laws of Fr\'echet, Gumbel and Weibull given by Fisher-Tippet-Gnedenko classification and free…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-08-19 Jacek Grela , Maciej A. Nowak

We introduce the notion of a conditionally free product and conditionally free convolution. We describe this convolution both from a combinatorial point of view, by showing its connection with the lattice of non-crossing partitions, and…

funct-an · Mathematics 2008-02-03 Marek Bozejko , Michael Leinert , Roland Speicher

We extend the relation between random matrices and free probability theory from the level of expectations to the level of all correlation functions (which are classical cumulants of traces of products of the matrices). We introduce the…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Benoit Collins , James A. Mingo , Piotr Sniady , Roland Speicher

The aim of this paper is to study the mixture of the Riesz distribution on symmetric matrices with respect to the multivariate Poisson distribution. We show, in particular, that this distribution is related to the modified Bessel function…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-01-13 Abdelhamid Hassairi , Mahdi Louati

We study the random matrices of type $\tilde{W}=(id\otimes\varphi)W$, where $W$ is a complex Wishart matrix of parameters $(dn,dm)$, and $\varphi:M_n(\mathbb C)\to M_n(\mathbb C)$ is a self-adjoint linear map. We prove that, under suitable…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-02-02 Teodor Banica , Ion Nechita

For a family of unital free *-algebras with a family of states on them, we construct a sequence of noncommutative probability spaces, which are tensor product algebras with tensor product states and which approximate the free product of…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2014-07-25 Romuald Lenczewski

Random matrix ensembles are introduced that respect the local tensor structure of Hamiltonians describing a chain of $n$ distinguishable spin-half particles with nearest-neighbour interactions. We prove a central limit theorem for the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-06-19 J. P. Keating , N. Linden , H. J. Wells

Considering a minimal number of assumptions and in the context of the timeless formalism, conditional probabilities are derived for subsequent measurements in the non-relativistic regime. Only unitary transformations are considered with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-30 Martino Trassinelli

Random measures provide flexible parameters for Bayesian nonparametric models. Given two different priors for a random measure, we develop a natural framework to investigate the rate at which the corresponding posteriors merge, as the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-17 Marta Catalano , Hugo Lavenant

Suppose some random resource (energy, mass or space) $\chi \geq 0$ is to be shared at random between (possibly infinitely many) species (atoms or fragments). Assume ${\Bbb E}\chi =\theta <\infty $ and suppose the amount of the individual…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Thierry Huillet

A combinatorial approach to free probability theory has been developped by Roland Speicher, based on the notion of noncrossing cumulants, a free analogue of the classical theory of cumulants in probability theory. We review this theory, and…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Philippe Biane

The q-semicircular distribution is a probability law that interpolates between the Gaussian law and the semicircular law. There is a combinatorial interpretation of its moments in terms of matchings where q follows the number of crossings,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-15 Matthieu Josuat-Vergès

Let $\sigma$ be a non-atomic, infinite Radon measure on $\mathbb R^d$, for example, $d\sigma(x)=z\,dx$ where $z>0$. We consider a system of freely independent particles $x_1,\dots,x_N$ in a bounded set $\Lambda\subset\mathbb R^d$, where…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-02 Marek Bożejko , José Luís da Silva , Tobias Kuna , Eugene Lytvynov

To a planar algebra P in the sense of Jones we associate a natural non- commutative ring, which can be viewed as the ring of non-commutative polynomials in several indeterminates, invariant under a symmetry encoded by P. We show that this…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2010-09-07 D. Shlyakhtenko

In spite of its title, the book mostly treats probability theory: the law of large numbers (regarded as a principle); formal definition of a random variable and law of distribution; the misnamed Cauchy distribution; functions now named…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-02-11 S. -D. Poisson