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Optically selected clusters of galaxies display a relation between their optical mass estimates and their X-ray luminosities Lx that has a large scatter. A substantial fraction of optically selected clusters have Lx estimates or upper…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 J. P. Dietrich , A. Biviano , P. Popesso , Y. -Y. Zhang , M. Lombardi , H. Boehringer

Image distortion due to weak gravitational lensing is examined using a non-perturbative method of integrating the geodesic deviation and optical scalar equations along the null geodesics connecting the observer to a distant source. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-28 Thomas P. Kling , Louis Bianchini

The current weak lensing measurements of the large scale structure are mostly related to statistical study of background galaxy ellipticities. We consider a possibility to extend lensing studies with intrinsically unresolved sources and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Asantha Cooray

We report the detection of weak gravitational lensing of faint, distant background galaxies by the rich, X-ray luminous cluster of galaxies MS1054-03 at z=0.83. This is the first measurement of weak lensing by a bona fide cluster at such a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 G. A. Luppino , Nick Kaiser

Intrinsic alignments of galaxies can mimic to an extent the effects of shear caused by weak gravitational lensing. Previous studies have shown that for shallow surveys with median redshifts z_m = 0.1, the intrinsic alignment dominates the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Catherine Heymans , Alan Heavens

We present a weak lensing and multi-wavelength analysis of three galaxy clusters: A115, A2219, and A2261. Weak lensing is performed using shape measurements made in short 60s exposure images obtained using WIYN-ODI. Forced measurement is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-14 Anirban Dutta , John Peterson , Matteo Cianfaglione , Glenn Sembroski

Of order one in 10^3 quasars and high-redshift galaxies appears in the sky as multiple images as a result of gravitational lensing by unrelated galaxies and clusters that happen to be in the foreground. While the basic phenomenon is a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-10 Prasenjit Saha , Dominique Sluse , Jenny Wagner , Liliya L. R. Williams

Gravitational waves from inspiraling compact binaries provide direct measurements of luminosity distances and serve as a powerful probe of the high-redshift Universe. In addition to their role as standard sirens, they offer an opportunity…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-12 Fumihiro Chuman , Masamune Oguri

Magnetic fields in large scale structure filaments beyond galaxy clusters remain poorly understood. Superclusters offer a unique setting to study these low density environments, where weak signals make detection challenging. The Faraday…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-13 G. V. Pignataro , S. P. O'Sullivan , A. Bonafede , G. Bernardi , F. Vazza , E. Carretti

We present a gravitational lensing analysis of the galaxy cluster Abell 1689, incorporating measurements of the weak shear, flexion, and strong lensing induced in background galaxies. This is the first time that a shapelet technique has…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Adrienne Leonard , David M. Goldberg , Jason L. Haaga , Richard Massey

Weak gravitational lensing signals of optically identified clusters are impacted by a selection bias -- halo triaxiality and large-scale structure along the line of sight simultaneously boost the lensing signal and richness (the inferred…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-10 Titus Nyarko Nde , Hao-Yi Wu , Shulei Cao , Gladys Muthoni Kamau , Andrius Tamosiunas , Chun-Hao To , Conghao Zhou

We examine the gravitational lensing effect of a foreground galaxy cluster on the number count statistics of background X-ray sources. The lensing produces a deficit in the number of resolved sources in a ring close to the critical radius…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexandre Refregier , Abraham Loeb

We consider the prospects for detecting weak gravitational lensing by underdensities (voids) in the large-scale matter distribution. We derive the basic expressions for magnification and distortion by spherical voids. Clustering of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-25 Luca Amendola , Joshua A. Frieman , Ioav Waga

Mass clumps in gravitational lens galaxies can perturb lensed images in characteristic ways. Strong lens flux ratios have been used to constrain the amount of dark matter substructure in lens galaxies, and various other observables have…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-24 Charles R. Keeton

Weak gravitational lensing is an important tool to estimate the masses of galaxy clusters, as it allows us to directly access their projected surface mass density along the line-of-sight (LOS) in a manner largely independent of their…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-13 Constantin Payerne , Corentin Hanser , Calum Murray , Nathan Amouroux , Céline Combet

We explore the weak lensing E- and B-mode shear signals of a field of galaxy clusters using both large scale structure N-body simulations and multi-color Suprime-cam & Hubble Space Telescope observations. Using the ray-traced and observed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-17 Andrew K. Bradshaw , M. James Jee , J. Anthony Tyson

Weak gravitational lensing induces flux dependent fluctuations in the observed galaxy number density distribution. This cosmic magnification (magnification bias) effect in principle enables lensing reconstruction alternative to cosmic shear…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-04 Ruijie Ma , Pengjie Zhang , Yu Yu , Jian Qin

Theories beyond general relativity (GR) modify the propagation of gravitational waves (GWs). In some, inhomogeneities (aka. gravitational lenses) allow interactions between the metric and additional fields to cause lens-induced…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-25 Srashti Goyal , Aditya Vijaykumar , Jose Maria Ezquiaga , Miguel Zumalacarregui

Relativistic contributions to the dynamics of structure formation come in a variety of forms, and can potentially give corrections to the standard picture on typical scales of 100 Mpc. These corrections cannot be obtained by Newtonian…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-08-14 Sambatra Andrianomena , Chris Clarkson , Prina Patel , Obinna Umeh , Jean-Philippe Uzan

Weak gravitational lensing observations of galaxy clusters are sensitive to all mass along the line-of-sight, introducing systematic and additional statistical uncertainties due to intervening structures. We quantify their impact on the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-18 Felix Vecchi , David Harvey , James Nightingale , Matthieu Schaller , Joop Schaye , Ethan Tregidga