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The solar wind is connected to the Sun's atmosphere by flux tubes that are rooted in an ever-changing pattern of positive and negative magnetic polarities on the surface. Observations indicate that the magnetic field is filamentary and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Steven R. Cranmer , Adriaan A. van Ballegooijen , Lauren N. Woolsey

Solar photosphere and chromosphere are composed of weakly ionized plasma for which collisional coupling decreases with height. This implies a breakdown of some hypotheses underlying magnetohydrodynamics at low altitudes and gives rise to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-21 Elena Khomenko

The chromosphere is a dynamic and complex layer where all the relevant physical processes happen on very small spatio-temporal scales. A few spectral lines that can be used as chromospheric diagnostics give us convoluted information that is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-08 Sanja Danilovic

The Mg II h&k lines are amongst the best diagnostic tools of the upper solar chromosphere. This region of the atmosphere is of particular interest as it is the lowest region of the Sun's atmosphere where the magnetic field is dominant in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-01 Viggo Hansteen , Juan Martinez Sykora , Mats Carlsson , Bart De Pontieu , Milan Gosic , Souvik Bose

Measurements of oscillation frequencies of the Sun and stars can provide important independent constraints on their internal structure and dynamics. Seismic models of these oscillations are used to connect structure and rotation of the star…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Jishnu Bhattacharya , Shravan. M. Hanasoge , H. M. Antia

Identifying the heating mechanisms of the solar corona and the driving mechanisms of solar wind are key challenges in understanding solar physics. A full three-dimensional compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation was conducted to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-25 Takuma Matsumoto

Vortex structures in the Sun's chromosphere are believed to channel energy between different layers of the solar atmosphere. We investigate the nature and dynamics of two small-scale quiet-Sun rotating structures in the chromosphere. We…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-08 Mariarita Murabito , Juie Shetye , Marco Stangalini , Erwin Verwichte , Tony Arber , Ilaria Ermolli , Fabrizio Giorgi , Tom Goffrey

The solar atmosphere was traditionally represented with a simple one-dimensional model. Over the past few decades, this paradigm shifted for the chromosphere and corona that constitute the outer atmosphere, which is now considered a dynamic…

We present a series of radiative MHD simulations addressing the origin and distribution of mixed polarity magnetic field in the solar photosphere. To this end we consider numerical simulations that cover the uppermost 2-6 Mm of the solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 M. Rempel

Current models of the solar wind must approximate (or ignore) the small-scale dynamics within the solar atmosphere, however these are likely important in shaping the emerging wave-turbulence spectrum and ultimately heating/accelerating the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-28 Adam J. Finley , Sacha A. Brun , Mats Carlsson , Mikolaj Szydlarski , Viggo Hansteen , Munehito Shoda

We discuss recent advances made in modelling the complex magnetohydrodynamics of the Sun using our anelastic spherical harmonics (ASH) code. We have conducted extensive 3--D simulations of compressible convection in rotating spherical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Allan Sacha Brun , Juri Toomre

The Interferometric Bidimensional Spectrometer (IBIS) installed at the Dunn Solar Telescope of the NSO/SP is used to investigate the morphology and dynamics of the lower chromosphere and the virtually non-magnetic fluctosphere below. The…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 F. Wöger , S. Wedemeyer-Böhm , H. Uitenbroek , T. R. Rimmele

A magneto-hydrostatic model is constructed with spectropolarimetric properties close to those of solar photospheric magnetic bright points. Results of solar radiative magneto-convection simulations are used to produce the spatial structure…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 S. Shelyag , M. Mathioudakis , F. P. Keenan , D. B. Jess

The solar wind is a magnetized and turbulent plasma. Its turbulence is often dominated by Alfv\'enic fluctuations and often deemed as nearly incompressible far away from the Sun, as shown by in-situ measurements near 1AU. However, for solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-14 Xiangrong Fu , Hui Li , Zhaoming Gan , Senbei Du , John Steinberg

The solar chromosphere is a crucial interface between the solar interior and its interplanetary environment, regulating how energy is locally deposited into heat and transported into the upper atmospheric layers. Despite significant…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-14 Quentin Noraz , Mats Carlsson , Guillaume Aulanier

The global scales of solar convection are studied through three-dimensional simulations of compressible convection carried out in spherical shells of rotating fluid which extend from the base of the convection zone to within 15 Mm of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Mark S. Miesch , Allan Sacha Brun , Marc L. Derosa , Juri Toomre

Small flares frequently occur in the quiet Sun. Previous studies have noted that they share many common characteristics with typical solar flares in active regions. However, their similarities and differences are not fully understood,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-03 Yuji Kotani , Takako T. Ishii , Daiki Yamasaki , Kenichi Otsuji , Kiyoshi Ichimoto , Ayumi Asai , Kazunari Shibata

In the near future, Parker Solar Probe will put theories about the dynamics and nature of the transition between the solar corona and the solar wind to stringent tests. The most popular mechanism aimed to explain the dynamics of the nascent…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-17 N. Magyar , V. M. Nakariakov

The solar atmosphere is known to be replete with magneto-hydrodynamic wave modes, and there has been significant investment in understanding how these waves propagate through the Sun's atmopshere and deposit their energy into the plasma.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-14 R. J. Morton , R. Sharma , E. Tajfirouze , H. Miriyala

A major challenge in solar and heliospheric physics is understanding how highly localized regions, far smaller than 1 degree at the Sun, are the source of solar-wind structures spanning more than 20 degrees near Earth. The Sun's atmosphere…

Space Physics · Physics 2017-05-10 A. K. Higginson , S. K. Antiochos , C. R. DeVore , P. F. Wyper , T. H. Zurbuchen
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