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In the present paper we consider the problem of description of an arbitrary generalized quantum measurement with outcomes in a measurable space. Analyzing the unitary invariants of a measuring process, we present the most general form of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-30 Elena R. Loubenets

Quantum instruments derived from composite systems allow greater measurement precision than their classical counterparts due to coherences maintained between N components; spins, atoms or photons. Decoherence that plagues real-world devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-04 Sergey I. Knysh , Edward H. Chen , Gabriel A. Durkin

We investigate the feasibility of observing matter-wave interference of a micron-sized charged particle by putting it into a quantum superposition of states with a distinguishable separation. In the proposed method, an atomic ion is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-06 Sebastian Leontica , Christopher Foot

We theoretically identify observable consequences of spatial and spin symmetries on the dynamics of a small XXZ quantum simulator. Our proposed protocol relies on the choice of suitable initial states, and involves the measurement scheme…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 D. J. Papoular

Measurements on a quantum particle unavoidably affect its state, since the otherwise unitary evolution of the system is interrupted by a non-unitary projection operation. In order to probe measurement-induced effects in the state dynamics…

Determinism is established in quantum mechanics by tracing the probabilities in the Born rules back to the absolute (overall) phase constants of the wave functions and recognizing these phase constants as pseudorandom numbers. The reduction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-25 Arthur Jabs

We study the problem of mapping an unknown mixed quantum state onto a known pure state without the use of unitary transformations. This is achieved with the help of sequential measurements of two non-commuting observables only. We show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 L. Roa , M. L. Ladron de Guevara , A. Delgado , A. Klimov

The quantum mechanical measurement problem does not arise in the quantum real number approach to quantum measurements of the first kind. The attributes of individual microscopic systems in the experimental ensemble always have qr-number…

General Physics · Physics 2019-02-07 John V Corbett

The topic of measurement in relativistic quantum field theory is addressed in this article. Some of the long standing problems of this subject are highlighted, including the incompatibility of an instantaneous ``collapse of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-11-21 Christopher J. Fewster , Rainer Verch

The quantum mechanical measurement problem is the difficulty of dealing with the indefiniteness of the pointer observable at the conclusion of a measurement process governed by unitary quantum dynamics. There has been hope to solve this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Busch , A. Shimony

We show that a quantum state may be represented as the sum of a joint probability and a complex quantum modification term. The joint probability and the modification term can both be observed in successive projective measurements. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-11-21 Lars M. Johansen

This work explores the non-relativistic quantum propagator $K(x,t)$ as a solution of the Schr\"odinger equation. We suppose that the propagator takes the form ${\rm exp}\left(\frac{\mathrm{i}}{\hbar}S+R\right)$, generalizing the usual WKB…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 V. S. Morales-Salgado

In this paper, we define a quantum analogue of the notion of empirical measure in the classical mechanics of $N$-particle systems. We establish an equation governing the evolution of our quantum analogue of the $N$-particle empirical…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-07-03 François Golse , Thierry Paul

The impact of measurement imperfections on quantum metrology protocols has not been approached in a systematic manner so far. In this work, we tackle this issue by generalising firstly the notion of quantum Fisher information to account for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-21 Yink Loong Len , Tuvia Gefen , Alex Retzker , Jan Kołodyński

The extended Bloch representation of quantum mechanics was recently derived to offer a (hidden-measurement) solution to the measurement problem. In this article we use it to investigate the geometry of superposition and entangled states,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-02 Diederik Aerts , Massimiliano Sassoli de Bianchi

Starting from an experimentally feasible atomic setup, we derive a stochastic Schr\"{o}dinger equation that captures the homodyne detection record of a strongly interacting system. Applying the rotating wave approximation to the linear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 Aniket Patra , Felix Motzoi , Klaus Mølmer

We demonstrate the possibility of controlling the border between the quantum and the classical world by performing nonselective measurements on quantum systems. We consider a quantum harmonic oscillator initially prepared in a Schroedinger…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Maniscalco , J. Piilo , K. -A. Suominen

In "extended phase space" approach to quantum geometrodynamics numerical solutions to Schrodinger equation corresponding to various choice of gauge conditions are obtained for the simplest isotropic model. The "extended phase space"…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-01-31 T. P. Shestakova

Quantum mechanics postulates the existence of states determined by a particle position at a single time. This very concept, in conjunction with superposition, induces much of the quantum-mechanical structure. In particular, it implies the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-23 L. Polley

In a recent paper, \.Zukowski and Markiewicz showed that Wigner's Friend (and, by extension, Schr\"odinger's Cat) can be eliminated as physical possibilities on purely logical grounds. I validate this result and demonstrate the source of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-16 Andrew Knight