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User simulation is a promising approach for automatically training and evaluating conversational information access agents, enabling the generation of synthetic dialogues and facilitating reproducible experiments at scale. However, the…
Here practical aspects of conducting research via computer simulations are discussed. The following issues are addressed: software engineering, object-oriented software development, programming style, macros, make files, scripts, libraries,…
The web does not only enable new forms of science, it also creates new possibilities to study science and new digital scholarship. This paper brings together multiple perspectives: from individual researchers seeking the best options to…
Over the last decade, the term spatial computing has grown to have two different, though not entirely unrelated, definitions. The first definition of spatial computing stems from industry, where it refers primarily to new kinds of…
Humans are the most effective integrators and producers of information, directly and through the use of information-processing inventions. As these inventions become increasingly sophisticated, the substantive role of humans in processing…
Heraklit is an ongoing research program and development project aimed at creating an infrastructure for modeling large-scale, computer-integrated systems. We discuss the key requirements for such models (hierarchies, user view,…
Our machines, products, utilities, and environments have long been monitored by embedded software systems. Our professional, commercial, social and personal lives are also subject to monitoring as they are mediated by software systems. Data…
Computer modeling and simulation is used to analyze system behavior and evaluate strategies for operating in descriptive or predictive modes. In this part of the book, modeling and simulation approaches that have been proposed since the…
Classical models of computation have been successful in capturing the very essence of individual computing devices. Although they are useful to understand computability power and limitations in the small, such models are not suitable to…
The World Wide Web is a popular and interactive medium to distribute information in this scenario. The web is huge, diverse, ever changing, widely disseminated global information service center. We are familiar with terms like e-commerce,…
Modeling processes are the activities of capturing and representing processes and control of their dynamic behavior. Desired features of the model include capture of relevant aspects of a real phenomenon, understandability, and completeness…
This article provides a taxonomy of current and past network modeling efforts. In all these efforts over the last few years we see a trend towards not only describing the network, but connected devices as well. This is especially current…
Digital life, a form of life generated by computer programs or artificial intelligence systems, it possesses self-awareness, thinking abilities, emotions, and subjective consciousness. Achieving it involves complex neural networks,…
This paper overviews the state of the art, research challenges, and future opportunities in an emerging research direction: Social Sensing based Edge Computing (SSEC). Social sensing has emerged as a new sensing application paradigm where…
Software is the key crosscutting technology that enables advances in mathematics, computer science, and domain-specific science and engineering to achieve robust simulations and analysis for science, engineering, and other research fields.…
Recent years have disclosed a remarkable proliferation of compute-intensive applications in smart cities. Such applications continuously generate enormous amounts of data which demand strict latency-aware computational processing…
Topic models are a family of statistical-based algorithms to summarize, explore and index large collections of text documents. After a decade of research led by computer scientists, topic models have spread to social science as a new…
The concept of social machines is increasingly being used to characterise various socio-cognitive spaces on the Web. Social machines are human collectives using networked digital technology which initiate real-world processes and activities…
Today we live in computational abundance whereby our everyday lives and the environment that surrounds us are suffused with digital technologies. This is a world of anticipatory technology and contextual computing that uses smart diffused…
Comparative evaluation lies at the heart of science, and determining the accuracy of a computational method is crucial for evaluating its potential as well as for guiding future efforts. However, metrics that are typically used have…