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The characterization of out-of-local-thermal-equilibrium plasmas requires the use of collisional-radiative kinetic equations. This leads to the solution of large linear systems, for which statistical treatments such as configuration average…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2008-02-07 M. Poirier

We present a new code, RCF("Radiative-Collisional code based on FAC"), which is used to simulate steady-state plasmas under non local thermodynamic equilibrium condition, especially photoinization dominated plasmas. RCF takes almost all of…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-06-24 Bo Han , Feilu Wang , David Salzmann , Gang Zhao

The computation of radiative opacity or emissivity of hot dense matter is a challenging task. It requires accounting for an immense number of energy levels and lines across various excitation and ionization states. Whether in local…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Jean-Christophe Pain , Djamel Benredjem

New X-ray observatories (Chandra and XMM-Newton) are providing a wealth of high-resolution X-ray spectra in which hydrogen- and helium-like ions are usually strong features. We present results from a new collisional-radiative plasma code,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Randall K. Smith , Nancy S. Brickhouse , Duane A. Liedahl , John C. Raymond

A new code called VAAQP (Variational Average-Atom in Quantum Plasmas) is reported. The model as well as main results of previous studies are briefly recalled. The code is based on a new fully variational model of dense plasmas at…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2016-09-07 R. Piron , T. Blenski , B. Cichocki

We initiate the study of equilibration rates of strongly coupled quark-gluon plasmas in the absence of conformal symmetry. We primarily consider a supersymmetric mass deformation within ${\cal N}=2^{*}$ gauge theory and use holography to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-24 Alex Buchel , Michal P. Heller , Robert C. Myers

The fidelity of collisional-radiative (CR) models is critical for advancing our understanding of radiative properties and ionization balance in fusion plasmas. In this work, we present and evaluate hybrid CR schemes that combine…

In thermally non-equilibrium plasmas, conventional harmonic models can significantly mispredict superelastic electron heating rates. When the vibrational temperature exceeds the gas temperature ($T_{\rm v}>T_{\rm g}$), these models…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Bernard Parent

Collisional and radiative dynamics of a plasma is exposed by so-called Collisional Radiative Models [1] that simplify the chemical kinetics by quasi-steady state assignment on certain types of particles. The assignment is conventionally…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-12-01 Efe Kemaneci , Emile Carbone , Wouter Graef , Jan van Dijk , Gerrit M W Kroesen

Thermal models have proven to be an useful and simple tool used to make theoretical predictions and data analysis in relativistic and ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. A new version of these models is presented here, incorporating a…

Accurate prediction of electron temperature ($T_{\rm e}$) is critical for non-equilibrium plasma applications ranging from hypersonic flight to plasma-assisted combustion. We recently proposed a thermodynamically consistent model for…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Bernard Parent , Felipe Martin Rodriguez Fuentes

Effective tokamak disruption mitigation is crucial for ensuring the safety and integrity of fusion power reactors. Accurate collisional-radiative (CR) modeling of a radiative plasma is a critical component in predictive disruption…

Radiative-conductive systems are intrinsically nonlinear due to the quartic temperature dependence of thermal radiation. Under fixed total heating power, convexity arguments imply that nonuniform temperature distributions radiate more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Juntao Lu , Zihan Zhang , Yongjian Xiong , Jie Fu

We discuss the status of thermal model descriptions of particle ratios in central nucleus-nucleus collisions at ultra-relativistic energy. An alternative to the ``Cleymans-Redlich'' interpretation of the freeze-out trajectory is given in…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-09-08 P. Braun-Munzinger , J. Stachel

Starting from a Huxley-type model for an agitated vibrational mode, we propose an embedding of standard active particle models in terms of two-temperature processes. One temperature refers to an ambient thermal bath, and the other…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-07-02 Faezeh Khodabandehlou , Christian Maes

This work presents a new plasma cooling curve that is calculated using the SPEX package. We compare our cooling rates to those in previous works, and implement the new cooling function in the grid-adaptive framework `AMRVAC'. Contributions…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-11-26 K. M. Schure , D. Kosenko , J. S. Kaastra , R. Keppens , J. Vink

Motivated by the precedent study of Ordenes-Huanca and Velazquez [JSTAT \textbf{093303} (2016)], we address the study of a simple model of a pure non-neutral plasma: a system of identical non-relativistic charged particles confined under an…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-07-07 B. F. I. Espinoza-Lozano , F. A. Calderón , L. Velazquez

The effect of a diluted Planckian radiation field on a Xe gas at the electron temperature of 100 eV is investigated within the framework of a Collisional Radiative Model, using the HULLAC code. The atomic model spans 19 charge states,…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2011-05-23 Marcel Klapisch , Michel Busquet

An understanding of how turbulent energy is partitioned between ions and electrons in weakly collisional plasmas is crucial for modelling many astrophysical systems. Using theory and simulations of a four-dimensional reduced model of…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 T. Adkins , R. Meyrand , J. Squire

Radiative cooling is an important ingredient in hydrodynamical models involving evolution of high temperature plasmas. Unfortunately, calculating an accurate cooling coefficient generally requires the solution of over a hundred differential…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Robert A. Benjamin , Bradford A. Benson , Donald P. Cox
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