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We prove an n-EXPTIME lower bound for the problem of deciding the winner in a reachability game on Higher Order Pushdown Automata (HPDA) of level n. This bound matches the known upper bound for parity games on HPDA. As a consequence the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Thierry Cachat , Igor Walukiewicz

The polyadic mu-calculus is a modal fixpoint logic whose formulas define relations of nodes rather than just sets in labelled transition systems. It can express exactly the polynomial-time computable and bisimulation-invariant queries on…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-09-11 Martin Lange

These lecture notes attempt a mathematical treatment of game theory akin to mathematical physics. A game instance is defined as a sequence of states of an underlying system. This viewpoint unifies classical mathematical models for 2-person…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-04-27 Ulrich Faigle

We propose a unifying additive theory for standard conventions in Combinatorial Game Theory, including normal-, mis\`ere- and scoring-play, studied by Berlekamp, Conway, Dorbec, Ettinger, Guy, Larsson, Milley, Neto, Nowakowski, Renault,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-07 Urban Larsson , Richard J. Nowakowski , Carlos P. Santos

In this paper, we study nonzero-sum separable games, which are continuous games whose payoffs take a sum-of-products form. Included in this subclass are all finite games and polynomial games. We investigate the structure of equilibria in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2010-04-26 Noah D. Stein , Asuman Ozdaglar , Pablo A. Parrilo

We consider two-player games played over finite state spaces for an infinite number of rounds. At each state, the players simultaneously choose moves; the moves determine a successor state. It is often advantageous for players to choose…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Luca de Alfaro , Rupak Majumdar , Vishwanath Raman , Mariëlle Stoelinga

Parity games can be used to represent many different kinds of decision problems. In practice, tools that use parity games often rely on a specification in a higher-order logic from which the actual game can be obtained by means of an…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Maurice Laveaux , Wieger Wesselink , Tim A. C. Willemse

Matching games is a novel matching model introduced by Garrido-Lucero and Laraki, in which agents' utilities are endogenously determined as the outcome of a strategic game they play simultaneously with the matching process. Matching games…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Felipe Garrido-Lucero , Rida Laraki

Zero-sum stochastic games generalize the notion of Markov Decision Processes (i.e. controlled Markov chains, or stochastic dynamic programming) to the 2-player competitive case : two players jointly control the evolution of a state…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-17 Jérôme Renault

We prove a recent conjecture of Duch\^ene and Rigo, stating that every complementary pair of homogeneous Beatty sequences represents the solution to an \emph{invariant} impartial game. Here invariance means that each available move in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-05-25 Urban Larsson , Peter Hegarty , Aviezri S. Fraenkel

Positional games are a mathematical class of two-player games comprising Tic-tac-toe and its generalizations. We propose a novel encoding of these games into Quantified Boolean Formulas (QBFs) such that a game instance admits a winning…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Valentin Mayer-Eichberger , Abdallah Saffidine

Positional games are a branch of combinatorics, researching a variety of two-player games, ranging from popular recreational games such as Tic-Tac-Toe and Hex, to purely abstract games played on graphs and hypergraphs. It is closely…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-11 Michael Krivelevich

The number of quantifiers needed to express first-order properties is captured by two-player combinatorial games called multi-structural (MS) games. We play these games on linear orders and strings, and introduce a technique we call…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Marco Carmosino , Ronald Fagin , Neil Immerman , Phokion Kolaitis , Jonathan Lenchner , Rik Sengupta , Ryan Williams

We study the applicability of quantum algorithms in computational game theory and generalize some results related to Subtraction games, which are sometimes referred to as one-heap Nim games. In quantum game theory, a subset of Subtraction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-15 Dmitry Kravchenko , Kamil Khadiev , Danil Serov , Ruslan Kapralov

This paper studies a large class of two-player perfect-information turn-based parity games on infinite graphs, namely those generated by collapsible pushdown automata. The main motivation for studying these games comes from the connections…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Christopher H. Broadbent , Arnaud Carayol , Matthew Hague , Andrzej S. Murawski , C. -H. Luke Ong , Olivier Serre

Satisfiability checking for monotone modal logic is known to be (only) NP-complete. We show that this remains true when the logic is extended with aconjunctive and alternation-free fixpoint operators as well as the universal modality; the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Daniel Hausmann , Lutz Schröder

Parity games play an important role in model checking and synthesis. In their paper, Calude et al. have shown that these games can be solved in quasi-polynomial time. We show that their algorithm can be implemented efficiently: we use their…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-01-30 John Fearnley , Sanjay Jain , Sven Schewe , Frank Stephan , Dominik Wojtczak

Parity games are positionally determined. This is a fundamental and classical result. In 2010, Calude et al. showed a breakthrough result for finite parity games: the winning regions and their positional winning strategies can be computed…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Volker Diekert , Manfred Kufleitner

We introduce and study the axiom of null player neutrality in the context of cooperative games with transferable utility (TU-games). This axiom weakens the classical coalitional strategic equivalence: rather than requiring that augmenting a…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-05-20 J. C. Gonçalves-Dosantos , R. Martínez , J. Sánchez-Soriano

Coalitional games serve the purpose of modeling payoff distribution problems in scenarios where agents can collaborate by forming coalitions in order to obtain higher worths than by acting in isolation. In the classical Transferable Utility…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-17 Gianluigi Greco , Enrico Malizia , Luigi Palopoli , Francesco Scarcello