Related papers: Baryon currents in the C-broken phase of QCD
We point out that the third moments of conserved charges, the baryon and electric charge numbers, and energy, as well as their mixed moments, change their signs around the QCD phase boundary in the temperature and baryon chemical potential…
We extend the standard model fermions by a mirror copy to realize a left-right symmetry. During a strongly first order phase transition of the spontaneous left-right symmetry breaking, the CP-violating reflections of the mirror fermions off…
An SU(3) chiral Lagrangian for the lightest decuplet of baryons is constructed on a discrete lattice of spacetime points, and is added to an existing lattice Lagrangian for the lightest octets of mesons and baryons. A nonzero lattice…
While chiral symmetry breaking in the QCD vacuum is attributed to nonzero chiral condensate, an alternative symmetry breaking pattern with no chiral condensate is also possible, as pointed out by Stern. This hypothetical phase was excluded…
Recent work unambiguously resolves the level of charge symmetry violation in moments of parton distributions using 2+1-flavor lattice QCD. We introduce the methods used for that analysis by applying them to determine the strong contribution…
Properties of QCD matter change significantly around the chiral crossover temperature, and the effects on $U(1)_A$ and topological susceptibilities, as well as the meson spectrum have been studied with much care. Baryons and the effect of…
We propose a new scenario of baryon number violation in models with extra dimensions. In the true vacuum, baryon number is almost conserved due to the localization mechanism of matter fields, which suppresses the interactions between quarks…
The proton mass arises from spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry and the formation of constituent quarks. Their dynamics cannot be tested by proton tomography but only by studying excited baryons. However, the number of excited baryons…
The simplest theories where we can understand the origin of the baryon and lepton number violating interactions are discussed. We discuss the desert hypothesis in particle physics and the different scenarios where there is no need to assume…
We investigate the phase structure of strongly interacting matter and baryon number fluctuations in the Polyakov loop improved Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model. The calculation shows that both the chiral and deconfinement transitions, as…
The smallness of the quark and lepton parameters and the hierarchy between them could be the result of selection rules due to a horizontal symmetry broken by a small parameter. The same selection rules apply to baryon number violating…
The baryonic form factor of charged pions is studied in detail in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model with constituent quarks, where the spontaneously broken chiral symmetry is the key dynamical ingredient guaranteeing the would-be Goldstone…
We discuss the relation between the emergence of new phases with broken symmetry within the framework of simple models of biopolymers. We start with a classic model for a chain molecule of spherical beads tethered together, with the steric…
The standard model satisfies Sakharov's conditions for baryogenesis but the CP violation in the KM matrix appears too small to account for the observed asymmetry. In this letter we explore a mechanism through which CP violation can be…
Spontaneous symmetry breaking plays a pivotal role in physics ranging from the emergence of elementary particles to the phase transitions of matter. The spontaneous breaking of continuous time translation symmetry leads to a novel state of…
Bosonic condensates of spin-less non-interacting particles confined on a ring cannot propagate circular periodic currents once rotation symmetry of the system is broken. However a persistent current may appear due to inter-particle…
We consider quantum effects in a world with two coexisting symmetry phases, unbroken and spontaneously broken, as a result of a first order phase transition. The discrete symmetries of the problem are discussed in general. We compute the…
Lattice QCD calculations of baryon forces are performed for the first time with (almost) physical quark masses. $N_f = 2+1$ dynamical clover fermion gauge configurations are generated at the lattice spacing of $a \simeq 0.085$ fm on a $(96…
Higher moments of distributions of net charge and baryon number in heavy-ion collisions have been proposed as signals of fundamental QCD phase transitions. In order to better understand background processes for these observables, models are…
We extend to quenched QCD an earlier investigation of the chiral structure of the masses of the nucleon and the delta in lattice simulations of full QCD. Even after including the meson-loop self-energies which give rise to the leading and…