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In this note we give a combinatorial characterization of all the unmixed bipartite graphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-04-05 Rafael H. Villarreal

We consider the problem of undirected graphical model inference. In many applications, instead of perfectly recovering the unknown graph structure, a more realistic goal is to infer some graph invariants (e.g., the maximum degree, the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-31 Junwei Lu , Matey Neykov , Han Liu

A signed directed graph is a graph with sign and direction information on the edges. Even though signed directed graphs are more informative than unsigned or undirected graphs, they are more complicated to analyze and have received less…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Taewook Ko , Chong-Kwon Kim

In this paper, we introduce a magneto-spectral invariant for finite graphs. This invariant vanishes on trees and is maximized by complete graphs. We compute this invariant for cycles, complete graphs, wheel graphs, hypercubes, complete…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Chunyang Hu , Bobo Hua , Supanat Kamtue , Shiping Liu , Florentin Münch , Norbert Peyerimhoff

We investigate the property of a spatial graph of having a leveled embedding and characterize the abstract graphs with this property. We show that all leveled embeddings are free and we compare leveled and paneled (also known as flat)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-22 Senja Barthel , Fabio Buccoliero

Graph clustering is a fundamental technique in data analysis with applications in many different fields. While there is a large body of work on clustering undirected graphs, the problem of clustering directed graphs is much less understood.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-01-31 James Martin , Tim Rogers , Luca Zanetti

Given a set D of nonnegative integers, we derive the asymptotic number of graphs with a givenvnumber of vertices, edges, and such that the degree of every vertex is in D. This generalizes existing results, such as the enumeration of graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-22 Élie de Panafieu , Lander Ramos

Graphs with diverse structural characteristics play a central role in modelling and optimization tasks. The ability to generate different types of graphs that exhibit shared properties is likewise essential for algorithm selection and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hendrik Richter , Frank Neumann

We introduce a random intersection graph process aimed at modeling sparse evolving affiliation networks that admit tunable (power law) degree distribution and assortativity and clustering coefficients. We show the asymptotic degree…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-01-24 Mindaugas Bloznelis , Michal Karonski

For a given permutation $\pi_n$ in $S_n$, a random permutation graph is formed by including an edge between two vertices $i$ and $j$ if and only if $(i - j) (\pi_n(i) - \pi_n (j)) < 0$. In this paper, we study various statistics of random…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-02 Oğuz Gürerk , Ümit Işlak , Mehmet Akif Yıldız

The theory of Group Equivariant Non-Expansive Operators (GENEOs) was initially developed in Topological Data Analysis for the geometric approximation of data observers, including their invariances and symmetries. This paper departs from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Giovanni Bocchi , Massimo Ferri , Patrizio Frosini

We present recent advances in harmonic analysis on infinite graphs. Our approach combines combinatorial tools with new results from the theory of unbounded Hermitian operators in Hilbert space, geometry, boundary constructions, and spectral…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-26 Sergey Bezuglyi , Palle E. T. Jorgensen

Erd\H{o}s introduced the noncommuting graph, in order to study the number of commuting elements in a finite group. Despite the use of combinatorial ideas, his methods involved several techniques of classical analysis. The interest for this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-14 Stefano Nardulli , Francesco G. Russo

In this paper, we reveal an intriguing relationship between two seemingly unrelated notions: letter graphs and geometric grid classes of permutations. An important property common for both of them is well-quasi-orderability, implying, in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-01 Bogdan Alecu , Vadim Lozin , Dominique de Werra , Viktor Zamaraev

We study countable graphs that -- up to isomorphism and with probability one -- arise from a random process, in a similar fashion as the Rado graph. Unlike in the classical case, we do not require that probabilities assigned to pairs of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-23 Ziemowit Kostana , Jarosław Swaczyna , Agnieszka Widz

This is my dissertation. Its research object is a symmetric group of permutations acting on a finite set. The density of permutations with a given cycle structure pattern is explored when the group order tends to infinity. New and sharper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-10 Robertas Petuchovas

A signed graph is said to be sign-symmetric if it is switching isomorphic to its negation. Bipartite signed graphs are trivially sign-symmetric. We give new constructions of non-bipartite sign-symmetric signed graphs. Sign-symmetric signed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-24 Ebrahim Ghorbani , Willem H. Haemers , Hamid Reza Maimani , Leila Parsaei Majd

Transformers are increasingly employed for graph data, demonstrating competitive performance in diverse tasks. To incorporate graph information into these models, it is essential to enhance node and edge features with positional encodings.…

Switching is an operation on a graph that does not change the spectrum of the adjacency matrix, thus producing cospectral graphs. An important activity in the field of spectral graph theory is the characterization of graphs by their…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-03 Aida Abiad , Nils Van de Berg , Robin Simoens

For a graph $G$, the $\gamma$-graph of $G$, $G(\gamma)$, is the graph whose vertices correspond to the minimum dominating sets of $G$, and where two vertices of $G(\gamma)$ are adjacent if and only if their corresponding dominating sets in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-10 C. M. Mynhardt , L. E. Teshima