Related papers: Compound-specific isotope analysis
We present a new gas-grain chemical model for the combined isotopic fractionation of carbon and nitrogen in molecular clouds, in which the isotope chemistry of carbon and nitrogen is coupled with a time-dependent description of spin-state…
Composting is defined as the biological decomposition and stabilization of organic substrates under aerobic conditions to allow the development of thermophilic temperatures. This thermophilic temperature is a result of biologically produced…
In this paper we report a spectrometric approach to dual-energy digital radiography that has been developed and applied to identify specific organic substances and discern small differences in their effective atomic number. An experimental…
The instrumental line background of the Compton telescope COMPTEL onboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory is due to the activation and/or decay of many isotopes. The major components of this background can be attributed to eight…
A new type of artificial molecule is proposed, which consists of coupled defect atoms in photonic crystals, named as photonic molecule. Within the major band gap, the photonic molecule confines the resonant modes that are closely analogous…
A comprehensive framework of characterizing complex self-assembled structures with a set of orientational order parameters is presented. It is especially relevant in the context of using anisotropic building blocks with various symmetries.…
The determination of the isothermal adsorption curves represents a mechanism that allows ob-taining information on the process of adsorption of water in organic and inorganic materials. In addition, it is a measure to be considered when…
The variations of elemental abundance and their ratios along the Galactocentric radius result from the chemical evolution of the Milky Way disks. The $\rm ^{12}C/^{13}C$ ratio in particular is often used as a proxy to determine other…
We propose an experimental scheme for performing sensitive, high-precision laser spectroscopy studies on fast exotic isotopes. By inducing a step-wise resonant ionization of the atoms travelling inside an electric field and subsequently…
Isotopic fluctuations in fragment formation are investigated in a quasi-analytical description of the spinodal decomposition scenario. By exploiting the fluctuation-dissipation relations the covariance matrix of density fluctuations is…
The numbers of natural chemical elements, minerals, inorganic and organic chemical compounds are determined by 1, 2, 3 and 4-combinations of a set 95 and are respectively equal to 95, 4,465, 138,415 and 3,183,545. To explain these relations…
Compton scattering between electrons and photons plays a crucial role in astrophysical plasmas. Many important aspects of this process can be captured by using the so-called Compton scattering kernel. For isotropic media, exact analytic…
This paper illustrates a further application of topological data analysis to the study of self-organising models for chemical and biological systems. In particular, we investigate whether topological summaries can capture the parameter…
We demonstrate the use of holographic video microscopy to detect individual subvisible particles dispersed in biopharmaceutical formulations and to differentiate them based on material characteristics measured from their holograms. The…
Brown dwarfs serve as ideal laboratories for studying the atmospheres of giant exoplanets on wide orbits as the governing physical and chemical processes in them are nearly identical. Understanding the formation of gas giant planets is…
The majority of exoplanets found to date have been discovered via the transit method, and transmission spectroscopy represents the primary method of studying these distant worlds. Currently, in-depth atmospheric characterization of…
The analytic solution for the kinetic description of binary reactions can be seen as the continuum version of a basic discrete iterate mapping. This fact allows a clear definition of the reaction characteristic time which takes the backward…
Living organisms rely on molecular networks, such as gene circuits and signaling pathways, for information processing and robust decision-making in crowded, noisy environments. Recent advances show that interacting biomolecules…
Detailed characterization of an extrasolar planet's atmosphere provides the best hope for distinguishing the makeup of its outer layers, and the only hope for understanding the interplay between initial composition, chemistry, dynamics &…
Measurements of the isotopic abundances in meteoritic amino acids have found enhancements of $^2$H/H, $^{15}$N/$^{14}$N, and $^{13}$C/$^{12}$C in the amino acids in the meteorites studied. We show that they are consistent with the…