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We show that many principles of first-order arithmetic, previously only known to lie strictly between $\Sigma_1$-induction and $\Sigma_2$-induction, are equivalent to the well-foundedness of $\omega^\omega$. Among these principles are the…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-12-15 Alexander P. Kreuzer , Keita Yokoyama

We prove an estimate on the number of rational points on the Grassmannian variety of bounded twisted height, refining the classical results of Schmidt ([12]) and Thunder ([20]) over the rational field: most importantly, our formula counts…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-14 Seungki Kim

We show that reasonably well behaved 3d and 4D TQFts must contain certain algebraic structures. In 4D, we find both Hopf categories and trialgebras.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-02-03 L. Crane , D. Yetter

Ratios of D-finite sequences and their limits -- known as Ap\'ery limits -- have driven much of the work on irrationality proofs since Ap\'ery's 1979 breakthrough proof of the irrationality of $\zeta(3)$. We extend ratios of D-finite…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-14 Shachar Weinbaum , Elyasheev Leibtag , Rotem Kalisch , Michael Shalyt , Ido Kaminer

We study the asymptotics of bounded lecture hall tableaux. Limit shapes form when the bounds of the lecture hall tableaux go to infinity linearly in the lengths of the partitions describing the large-scale shapes of these tableaux. We prove…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-09-28 David Keating , Zhongyang Li , Istvan Prause

We describe a class of fixed polyominoes called $k$-omino towers that are created by stacking rectangular blocks of size $k\times 1$ on a convex base composed of these same $k$-omino blocks. By applying a partition to the set of $k$-omino…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-07 Tricia Muldoon Brown

Inspired by the Odlyzko root discriminant and Golod--Shafarevich $p$-group bounds, Martinet (1978) asked whether an imaginary quadratic number field $K/\mathbb{Q}$ must always have an infinite Hilbert $2$-class field tower when the class…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-11-10 Victor Y. Wang

We study convex domino towers using a classic dissection technique on polyominoes to find the generating function and an asymptotic approximation.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-07 Tricia Muldoon Brown

Imposing Huygens' Principle in a 4D Wightman QFT puts strong constraints on its algebraic and analytic structure. These are best understood in terms of ``biharmonic fields'', whose properties reflect the presence of infinitely many…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-12-04 N. M. Nikolov , K. -H. Rehren , I. Todorov

Let l be an odd prime. We will construct a tower of connected regular Ramanujan graph of degree l+1 from of modular curves. This supplies an example of a collection of graphs whose discrete Cheeger constants are bounded by (sqrt{l}-1)^{2}/2…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-05-10 Kennichi Sugiyama

The goal of this technical note is to show that the geometry of generalized parabolic towers cannot be essentially bounded. It fills a gap in author's paper "Combinatorics, geomerty and attractors of quasi-quadratic maps", Annals of Math.,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mikhail Lyubich

In this paper we consider a tower of number fields $\cdots \supseteq K(1) \supseteq K(0) \supseteq K$ arising naturally from a continuous $p$-adic representation of $\mathrm{Gal}(\bar{\mathbb{Q}}/K)$, referred to as a $p$-adic Lie tower…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-10 James Upton

In 2000, based on his procedure for constructing explicit towers of modular curves, Elkies deduced explicit equations of rank-2 Drinfeld modular curves which coincide with the asymptotically optimal towers of curves constructed by Garcia…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-05-05 Rui Chen , Zhuo Chen , Chuangqiang Hu

A great deal of work has been done developing quantum codes with varying overhead and connectivity constraints. However, given the such an abundance of codes, there is a surprising shortage of fault-tolerant logical gates supported therein.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-17 Simon Burton , Elijah Durso-Sabina , Natalie C. Brown

Positivity bounds are theoretical constraints on the Wilson coefficients of an effective field theory. These bounds emerge from the requirement that a given effective field theory must be the low-energy limit of a relativistic quantum…

Over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic, there exist rational functions with only one critical point. We give an elementary characterization of these functions in terms of their continued fraction expansions. Then we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-05-19 Xander Faber

A new category of topological spaces with additional structures, called m-towers, is introduced. It is shown that there is a covariant functor which establishes a one-to-one correspondences between unital (resp. arbitrary) subhomogeneous…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2013-10-22 Piotr Niemiec

Recently the notion that quantum gravity effects could manifest at scales much lower than the Planck scale has seen an intense Swamplandish revival. Dozens of works have explored how the so-called species scale -- at which an effective…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-06-17 Bruno Valeixo Bento , João F. Melo

In this note we give exact formulas (and asymptotics) for the number of rational points of bounded height on weighted projective stacks over global function fields.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Tristan Phillips

Clemm and Trebat-Leder (2014) proved that the number of quadratic number fields with absolute discriminant bounded by $x$ over which there exist elliptic curves with good reduction everywhere and rational $j$-invariant is $\gg…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-15 Benjamin Matschke , Abhijit S. Mudigonda