Related papers: Entropy production by Q-ball decay for diluting lo…
The causal entropic principle has been proposed as a superior alternative to the anthropic principle for understanding the magnitude of the cosmological constant. In this approach, the probability to create observers is assumed to be…
A run-and-tumble particle in a one dimensional box (infinite potential well) is studied. The steady state is analytically solved and analyzed, revealing the emergent length scale of the boundary layer where particles accumulate near the…
Complex scalar fields charged under a global U(1) symmetry can admit non-topological soliton configurations called Q-balls which are stable against decay into individual particles or smaller Q-balls. These Q-balls are interesting objects…
We derive general constraints on the relic abundances of a long-lived particle which mainly decays into a neutrino (and something else) at cosmological time scales. Such an exotic particle may show up in various particle-physics models…
We investigate the basic theoretical issues in the quantum entanglement of particle pairs created from the vacuum in a time-dependent background field or spacetime. Similar to entropy generation from these processes which depends on the…
It is known that after Affleck-Dine baryogenesis, spatial inhomogeneities of Affleck-Dine field grow into non-topological solitons called Q-balls. In gauge mediated SUSY breaking models, sufficiently large Q-balls with baryon charge are…
Many theoretical expressions of dissipation along non-equilibrium processes have been proposed. However, they have not been fully verified by experiments. Especially for systems strongly interacting with environments the connection between…
Saxino decay can generate significant cosmological entropy, and hence dilute theoretical estimates of the present mass density of a given particle species. The dilution factor depends on the saxino and axion masses, and is constrained by…
Cosmological adiabatic particle creation results in the generation of irreversible entropy. The evolution of this entropy is examined in a flat Friedmann--Robertson--Walker universe at late times, using a dissipative model with a power-law…
The rate of entropy production by a stochastic process quantifies how far it is from thermodynamic equilibrium. Equivalently, entropy production captures the degree to which detailed balance and time-reversal symmetry are broken. Despite…
We provide a simple derivation for particle production in heavy-ion collisions that is proportional to the rate of entropy production. We find that the particle production depends only on the power of the centre-of-mass collision energy…
We define and analyse the concept of entanglement production during the evolution of a general quantum mechanical dissipative system. While it is important to minimise entropy production in order to achieve thermodynamical efficiency,…
Comparing Big Bang Nucleosynthesis predictions with the light element abundances inferred from observational data, we can obtain the strong constraints on some neutrino properties, e.g. number of neutrino species, mass, lifetime. Recently…
Creation of entangled states of quantum systems with low decoherence rates is a cornerstone in practical implementation of quantum computations. Processes of separate dephasing in each qubit in experimentally feasible systems is commonly…
Q-balls are non-topological solitons that arise in theories with a complex scalar field possessing a conserved global U(1) charge. Their stability is ensured by this charge, making them potentially significant in cosmology. In this paper,…
Recently the formation of an expanding universe from the (1+3+6)-dimensional space-times has been proposed on the basis of super-string theory. The serious entropy problem must be solved for it to be realistic from the cosmological…
In inflationary cosmology all particle states decay as a consequence of the lack of kinematic thresholds. The decay of an initial single particle state yields an \emph{entangled quantum state of the product particles}. We generalize and…
We consider a phase transition induced by the growth of Q-balls in a false vacuum. Such a transition could occur in the early universe in the case of broken supersymmetry with a metastable false vacuum. Small Q-balls with a negative…
If two particles collide in the vicinity of a black hole horizon, their center of mass energy is practically unlimited, so another black hole with a large mass and thus entropy can be created. The resulting black hole can then merge with…
A typical strategy of realizing an adiabatic change of a many-particle system is to vary parameters very slowly on a time scale $t_\text{r}$ much larger than intrinsic equilibration time scales. In the ideal case of adiabatic state…