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CO-terminated tips currently provide the best spatial resolution obtainable in atomic force microscopy. Due to their chemical inertness, they allow to probe interactions dominated by Pauli repulsion. The small size and inertness of the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-11-14 Julian Berwanger , Ferdinand Huber , Fabian Stilp , Franz J. Giessibl

We report a simple method for the fabrication of Niobium superconducting (SC) tips for scanning tunnelling microscopy which allow atomic resolution. The tips, formed in-situ by the mechanical breaking of a niobium wire, reveal a clear SC…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-11-10 A. Kohen , Y. Noat , T. Proslier , E. Lacaze , M. Aprili , W. Sacks , D. Roditchev

We report on a controlled method to fabricate in-situ a superconducting (SC) nanostructure at the apex of the standard W tip of a Scanning Tunnelling Microscope (STM) by pulsing the tunnelling voltage on a graphene covered metal surface. We…

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) has revolutionized our atomic scale understanding of surfaces and accelerated progress in nanotechnology. This technique, however, is restricted to metal or semiconducting samples, as it requires a tiny…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-04-16 M. J. Rost

This book chapter reviews progress in crystallographic image processing (CIP) for scanning probe microscopy (SPM) that has occurred since our description of the technique was first put into open access in this book series in the year 2010.…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-02 Peter Moeck

The conductance profiles of magnetic transition metal atoms, such as Fe, Co and Mn, deposited on surfaces and probed by a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), provide detailed information on the magnetic excitations of such nano-magnets. In…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-05-30 Aaron Hurley , Nadjib Baadji , Stefano Sanvito

Recent advances in scanning probe techniques rely on the chemical functionalization of the probe-tip termination by a single molecule. The success of this approach opens the tantalizing prospect of introducing spin sensitivity through the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 B. Verlhac , N. Bachellier , L. Garnier , M. Ormaza , P. Abufager , R. Robles , M. -L. Bocquet , M. Ternes , N. Lorente , L. Limot

Leveraging scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) for atomic-scale fabrication has led to many advancements such as the creation of atomic electron-spin qubit structures on surfaces. However, the time-consuming and tedious nature of this…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-10-18 Angéline Lafleur , Soo-hyon Phark

High resolution Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (STM) imaging with functionalized tips is well established, but a detailed understanding of the imaging mechanism is still missing. We present a numerical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-08-27 Prokop Hapala , Georgy Kichin , Christian Wagner , F. Stefan Tautz , Ruslan Temirov , Pavel Jelinek

Tunneling spectroscopy played a central role in the experimental verification of the microscopic theory of superconductivity in the classical superconductors. Initial attempts to apply the same approach to high-temperature superconductors…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-09-29 Oystein Fischer , Martin Kugler , Ivan Maggio-Aprile , Christophe Berthod , Christoph Renner

Recent advances in increasing the spectroscopic energy resolution in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) have been achieved by integrating electron spin resonance (ESR) with STM. Here, we demonstrate the design and performance of a…

The platinum/iridium (Pt/Ir) alloy tip for scanning probe microscopy (SPM) was fabricated by amplitude-modulated alternating-current (AC) electropolishing. The clean tips with a radius of curvature less than 100 nm were reproducibly…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-18 Yuto Nishiwaki , Toru Utsunomiya , Shu Kurokawa , Takashi Ichii

Single atom/molecule manipulation with a scanning-tunneling-microscope (STM) tip is an innovative experimental technique of nanoscience. Using STM-tip as an engineering or analytical tool, artificial atomic-scale structures can be…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-25 Saw-Wai Hla

In the first three years since the discovery of Fe-based high Tc superconductors, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy have shed light on three important questions. First, STM has demonstrated the complexity of the pairing…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-03-19 Jennifer E. Hoffman

Tip functionalization in AFM allows imaging organic nano-structures with sub-molecular resolution. Here, recent progress by using atomically defined copper-oxide tips is discussed. With their outstanding rigidity and elemental selectivity…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-22 Harry Mönig

A method for subsurface visualization and characterization of hidden subsurface nano-structures based on Scanning Tuneling Microscopy/Spectroscopy (STM/STS) has been developed. The nano-objects buried under a metal surface up to several…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-04-19 Oleg Kurnosikov , Muriel Sicot , Emilie Gaudry , Danielle Pierre , Yuan Lu , Stéphane Mangin

High-resolution tunneling electron spin transport properties (longitudinal spin current (LSC) and spin transfer torque (STT) maps) of topologically distinct real-space magnetic skyrmionic textures are reported by employing a 3D-WKB combined…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-10-27 Krisztián Palotás , Levente Rózsa , Eszter Simon , László Szunyogh

Atomic scale characterization and manipulation with scanning probe microscopy rely upon the use of an atomically sharp probe. Here we present automated methods based on machine learning to automatically detect and recondition the quality of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-03-26 Mohammad Rashidi , Robert A. Wolkow

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is traditionally based on very sharp tips, where the small size of the apex is critical for resolution. This paradigm is about to shift, since a novel generation of planar probes (color centers in diamond,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-06-24 Stefan Ernst , Dominik M. Irber , Andreas M. Waeber , Georg Braunbeck , Friedemann Reinhard

With recent advances in dynamic scanning probe microscopy techniques, it is now a routine to image the sub-molecular structure of molecules with atomically-engineered tips which are prepared via controlled modification of the tip…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-03-06 Omur E. Dagdeviren