Related papers: Difference sets and Polynomials of prime variables

A permutation $\sigma=\sigma_1 \sigma_2 \cdots \sigma_n$ has a descent at $i$ if $\sigma_i>\sigma_{i+1}$. A descent $i$ is called a peak if $i>1$ and $i-1$ is not a descent. The size of the set of all permutations of $n$ with a given…

Using the formalism of polynomials with positive coefficients, the fact that exactly half of all subsets of a finite set have even cardinality can be generalized asymptotically.

We study sets of the form $A = \big\{ n \in \mathbb N \big| \lVert p(n) \rVert_{\mathbb R / \mathbb Z} \leq \varepsilon(n) \big\}$ for various real valued polynomials $p$ and decay rates $\varepsilon$. In particular, we ask when such sets…

Let \beta be a real number. Then for almost all irrational \alpha>0 (in the sense of Lebesgue measure) \limsup_{x\to\infty}\pi_{\alpha,\beta}^*(x)(\log x)^2/x>=1, where \pi_{\alpha,\beta}^*(x)={p<=x: both p and [\alpha p+\beta] are primes}.

Let $p$ be a prime and let $S$ be a non-empty subset of $\mathbb{F}_p$. Generalizing a result of Green and Tao on the equidistribution of high-rank polynomials over finite fields, we show that if $P: \mathbb{F}_p^n \rightarrow \mathbb{F}_p$…

This paper investigates coefficients of cyclotomic polynomials theoretically and experimentally. We prove the following result. {{\em If $n=p_1\ldots p_k$ where $p_i$ are odd primes and $p_1<p_2<\ldots<p_r<p_1+p_2<p_{r+1}<\ldots<p_t$ with…

It is a classical fact that every $n$-element set of positive reals has at least $\binom{n+1}{2}+1$ distinct subset sums, with equality exactly for homogeneous arithmetic progressions (when $n\geq 4$). We establish stability versions of…

A primorial prime is a prime number of the form $p_n\# \pm 1$ where $p_n\#$ denotes the product of all primes less than or equal to $p_{n}$, the $n$-th prime. We show that the probability along the lines of Mertens' Theorem that either…

Let $G$ be a finite group. Then we denote $\psi(G) = \sum_{x\in G}o(x)$ where $o(x)$ is the order of the element $x$ in $G$. In this paper we characterize some finite $p$-groups ($p$ a prime) by $\psi$ and their orders.

Let $b(x)$ be the probability that a sum of independent Bernoulli random variables with parameters $p_1, p_2, p_3, \ldots \in [0,1)$ equals $x$, where $\lambda := p_1 + p_2 + p_3 + \cdots$ is finite. We prove two inequalities for the…

Many interesting questions in arithmetic dynamics revolve, in one way or another, around the (local and/or global) reducibility behavior of iterates of a polynomial. We show that for very general families of integer polynomials $f$ (and,…

Let $\epsilon\in \{-1,1\}$. A sequence of prime numbers $p_1, p_2, p_3, ...$, such that $p_i=2p_{i-1}+\epsilon$ for all $i$, is called a {\it Cunningham chain} of the first or second kind, depending on whether $\epsilon =1$ or -1…

Let $p$ be a fixed prime, and let $v(a)$ stand for the exponent of $p$ in the prime factorization of the integer $a$. Let $f$ and $g$ be two monic polynomials with integer coefficients and nonzero resultant $r$. Write $S$ for the maximum of…

Let $z\ne \pm1,w^2$ be a fixed integer, and let $f(t)\ne g(t)^2$ be a fixed polynomial over the integers. It is shown that the subset of primes $p\geq 2$ such that $z$ and $f(z)$ is a pair of simultaneous primitive roots modulo $p$ has…

If, for a subset S of Z^k, we compare the conditions of being parametrizable (a) by a single k-tuple of polynomials with integer coefficients, (b) by a single k-tuple of integer-valued polynomials and, (c) by finitely many k-tuples of…

It is known that the weight (that is, the number of nonzero coefficients) of a univariate polynomial over a field of characteristic zero is larger than the multiplicity of any of its nonzero roots. We extend this result to an appropriate…

Let $f \in \mathbb{R}[x]$ be a polynomial with real coefficients. We say that $f$ is eventually non-negative if $f^m$ has non-negative coefficients for all sufficiently large $m \in \mathbb{N}$. In this short note, we give a classification…

We study the density of complex zeros of a system of real random SO($m+1$) polynomials in several variables. We show that the density of complex zeros of this random polynomial system with real coefficients rapidly approaches the density of…

Let $\PP^d$ be the $d$-fold direct product of the set of primes. We prove that if $A$ is a subset of $\PP^d$ of positive relative upper density then $A$ contains infinitely many "corners", that is sets of the form $\{x,x+te_1,...,x+te_d\}$…

For a prime $p$ and an integer $x$, the $p$-adic valuation of $x$ is denoted by $\nu_{p}(x)$. For a polynomial $Q$ with integer coefficients, the sequence of valuations $\nu_{p}(Q(n))$ is shown to be either periodic or unbounded. The first…