Related papers: Local and global methods in arithmetic (in Russian…

Let $p$ be a prime. We discuss $p$-adic properties of various arithmetical functions related to the coefficients of modular form and generating functions. Modular forms are considered as a tool of solving arithmetical problems. Examples of…

The author surveys the problem of piecing together integral or rational solutions to Diophantine equations (global structure) from solutions modulo congruences and real solutions (local structure).

We primarily investigate congruences modulo $p$ for finite sums of the form $\sum_k\binom{rk}{k}x^k/k$ over the ranges $0<k<p$ and $0<k<p/r$, where $p$ is a prime larger than the positive integer $r$. Here $x$ is an indeterminate, thus…

We present new algorithms for computing adjoint ideals of curves and thus, in the planar case, adjoint curves. With regard to terminology, we follow Gorenstein who states the adjoint condition in terms of conductors. Our main algorithm…

Given a prime number $p$, the study of divisibility properties of a sequence $c(n)$ has two contending approaches: $p$-adic valuations and superconcongruences. The former searches for the highest power of $p$ dividing $c(n)$, for each $n$;…

Many combinatorial sequences (for example, the Catalan and Motzkin numbers) may be expressed as the constant term of $P(x)^k Q(x)$, for some Laurent polynomials $P(x)$ and $Q(x)$ in the variable $x$ with integer coefficients. Denoting such…

We consider polynomial equations, or systems of polynomial equations, with integer coefficients, modulo prime numbers $p$. We offer an elementary approach based on a counting method. The outcome is a weak form of the Lang-Weil lower bound…

Let ${\mathbb Z}_p$ denote the ring of all $p$-adic integers and call $${\mathcal U}=\{(x_1,\ldots,x_n):\,a_1x_1+\ldots+a_nx_n+b=0\}$$ a hyperplane over ${\mathbb Z}_p^n$, where at least one of $a_1,\ldots,a_n$ is not divisible by $p$. We…

We present a method for obtaining congruences modulo powers of a prime number~$p$ for combinatorial sequences whose generating function satisfies an algebraic differential equation. This method generalises the one by Kauers and the authors…

Let $p \geq 5$ be a prime number. We find all the possible subgroups $G$ of ${\rm GL}_2 ( \mathbb{Z} / p \mathbb{Z} )$ such that there exists a number field $k$ and an elliptic curve ${\mathcal{E}}$ defined over $k$ such that the ${\rm Gal}…

We deal with locally free $\mathcal{O}_X$-modules with connection over a Berkovich curve $X$. As a main result we prove local and global decomposition theorems of such objects by the radii of convergence of their solutions. We also derive a…

We present global convergence rates for a line-search method which is based on random first-order models and directions whose quality is ensured only with certain probability. We show that in terms of the order of the accuracy, the…

We investigate different approaches to transform a given binomial into a monomial via blowing up appropriate centers. In particular, we develop explicit implementations in {\sc Singular}, which allow to make a comparison on the basis of…

Several algorithms in computer algebra involve the computation of a power series solution of a given ordinary differential equation. Over finite fields, the problem is often lifted in an approximate $p$-adic setting to be well-posed. This…

Localization is a topological technique that allows us to make global equivariant computations in terms of local data at the fixed points. For example, we may compute a global integral by summing integrals at each of the fixed points. Or,…

In the context of the analysis of measured data, one is often faced with the task to differentiate data numerically. Typically, this occurs when measured data are concerned or data are evaluated numerically during the evolution of partial…

This work presents a unified framework that combines global approximations with locally built models to handle challenging nonconvex and nonsmooth composite optimization problems, including cases involving extended real-valued functions. We…

We prove a $p$-adic version of the Integral Geometry Formula for averaging the intersection of two $p$-adic projective algebraic sets. We apply this result to give bounds on the number of points in the modulo $p^m$ reduction of a projective…

This paper aims at developing a "local--global" approach for various types of finite dimensional algebras, especially those related to Hecke algebras. The eventual intention is to apply the methods and applications developed here to the…

We prove the local-global principle holds for the problem of representations of quadratic forms by quadratic forms, in codimension $\geq 7$. The proof uses the ergodic theory of $p$-adic groups, together with a fairly general observation on…