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Blazars represent dominant population of the extragalactic $\gamma$-ray sources in the Universe. These sources exhibit some characteristic properties like strong and non-thermal continuum emission over the entire electromagnetic spectrum…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-07 K. K. Singh , P. J. Meintjes

Blazars display variable emission across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, with timescales that can range from a few minutes to several years. Our recent work has shown that a sample of five blazars exhibit hints of periodicity with a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-20 P. Peñil , J. R. Westernacher-Schneider , M. Ajello , A. Domínguez , S. Buson , J. Otero-Santos , L. Marcotulli , N. Torres-Albà , J. Zrake

We present X-ray flux and spectral analyses of the three pointed Suzaku observations of the TeV high synchrotron peak blazar Mrk 421 taken throughout its complete operational duration. The observation taken on 5 May 2008 is, at 364.6…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-11-06 Zhongli Zhang , Alok C. Gupta , Haritma Gaur , Paul J. Wiita , Tao An , Minfeng Gu , Dan Hu , Haiguang Xu

MAGIC collaboration has recently analyzed data from a long-term multiwavelength campaign of the $\gamma$-ray blazar TXS 0506+056. In December 2018, it was flaring in the very-high-energy (VHE; $E>100$ GeV) $\gamma$-ray band, but no…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-16 Saikat Das , Nayantara Gupta , Soebur Razzaque

Several high-frequency peaked BL Lac objects such as Mrk 501 are strong TeV emitters. However, a significant fraction of the TeV gamma rays emitted are likely to be absorbed in interactions with the diffuse IR background, yielding…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Z. G. Dai , B. Zhang , L. J. Gou , P. Meszaros , E. Waxman

In April 2013, the TeV blazar Markarian~421 underwent one of its most powerful emission outbursts to date. An extensive multi-instrument campaign featuring MAGIC, VERITAS, and \textit{NuSTAR} provided comprehensive very-high-energy (VHE; $E…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-06 MAGIC Collaboration , K. Abe , S. Abe , J. Abhir , A. Abhishek , A. Aguasca-Cabot , I. Agudo , T. Aniello , S. Ansoldi , L. A. Antonelli , A. Arbet Engels , C. Arcaro , T. T. H. Arnesen , A. Babić , C. Bakshi , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , L. Barrios-Jiménez , I. Batković , J. Baxter , J. Becerra González , W. Bednarek , E. Bernardini , J. Bernete , A. Berti , C. Bigongiari , A. Biland , O. Blanch , G. Bonnoli , Ž Bošnjak , E. Bronzini , I. Burelli , A. Campoy-Ordaz , A. Carosi , R. Carosi , M. Carretero-Castrillo , A. J. Castro-Tirado , D. Cerasole , G. Ceribella , Y. Chai , A. Cifuentes , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , S. Covino , F. D'Ammando , P. Da Vela , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , B. De Lotto , R. de Menezes , J. Delgado , C. Delgado Mendez , F. Di Pierro , R. Di Tria , L. Di Venere , A. Dinesh , D. Dominis Prester , A. Donini , D. Dorner , M. Doro , L. Eisenberger , D. Elsaesser , J. Escudero , L. Fariña , L. Foffano , L. Font , S. Fröse , Y. Fukazawa , R. J. García López , S. García Soto , M. Garczarczyk , S. Gasparyan , J. G. Giesbrecht Paiva , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , P. Gliwny , T. Gradetzke , R. Grau , D. Green , J. G. Green , P. Günther , A. Hahn , T. Hassan , L. Heckmann , J. Herrera Llorente , D. Hrupec , D. Israyelyan , J. Jahanvi , I. Jiménez Martínez , J. Jiménez Quiles , J. Jormanainen , S. Kankkunen , T. Kayanoki , J. Konrad , P. M. Kouch , G. Koziol , H. Kubo , J. Kushida , M. Laínez , A. Lamastra , E. Lindfors , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , M. López-Moya , A. López-Oramas , S. Loporchio , L. Lulić , E. Lyard , P. Majumdar , M. Makariev , M. Mallamaci , G. Maneva , M. Manganaro , S. Mangano , K. Mannheim , S. Marchesi , M. Mariotti , M. Martínez , P. Maruševec , S. Menchiari , J. Méndez Gallego , S. Menon , D. Miceli , J. M. Miranda , R. Mirzoyan , M. Molero González , E. Molina , H. A. Mondal , A. Moralejo , C. Nanci , A. Negro , V. Neustroev , L. Nickel , M. Nievas Rosillo , C. Nigro , L. Nikolić , S. Nozaki , A. Okumura , J. Otero-Santos , S. Paiano , D. Paneque , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , M. Peresano , M. Persic , M. Pihet , G. Pirola , F. Podobnik , P. G. Prada Moroni , E. Prandini , W. Rhode , M. Ribó , J. Rico , A. Roy , N. Sahakyan , F. G. Saturni , K. Schmitz , F. Schmuckermaier , T. Schweizer , A. Sciaccaluga , G. Silvestri , A. Simongini , J. Sitarek , V. Sliusar , D. Sobczynska , A. Stamerra , J. Strišković , D. Strom , M. Strzys , Y. Suda , H. Tajima , R. Takeishi , F. Tavecchio , T. Terzić , M. Teshima , A. Tutone , S. Ubach , J. van Scherpenberg , M. Vazquez Acosta , S. Ventura , G. Verna , I. Viale , A. Vigliano , C. F. Vigorito , E. Visentin , V. Vitale , I. Vovk , R. Walter , F. Wersig , M. Will , T. Yamamoto , P. K. H. Yeung , M. Petropoulou , M. Polkas , A. Mastichiadis

It is well-known that the $\gamma$-ray emission in blazars originate in the relativistic jet pointed at the observers. However, it is not clear whether the exact location of the GeV emission is less than a pc from the central engine, such…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-20 Saugata Barat , Ritaban Chatterjee , Kaustav Mitra

Through the modelling of the Spectral Energy Distribution of blazars we can infer the physical parameters required to originate the flux we see. Then we can estimate the power of blazar jets in the form of matter and fields. These estimates…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 G. Ghisellini

An issue currently under debate in the literature is how far from the black hole is the Fermi-observed GeV emission of powerful blazars emitted. Here we present a diagnostic tool for testing whether the GeV emission site is located within…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-06-04 Amanda Dotson , Markos Georganopoulos , Demosthenes Kazanas , Eric Perlman

The TeV blazar PKS 2155-304 was monitored with the X-ray satellite ASCA in 1994 May, as part of a multiwavelength campaign from the radio to X-ray bands. At the beginning of the two-day continuous observation, we detected a large flare,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 J. Kataoka , T. Takahashi , F. Makino , S. Inoue , G. M. Madejski , M. Tashiro , C. M. Urry , H. Kubo

In this paper, we investigated the issue of black hole masses and minimum timescales of jet emission for blazars. We proposed a sophisticated model that sets an upper limit to the central black hole masses $M_{\bullet}$ with the minimum…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 H. T. Liu , J. M. Bai

The BL Lac object 3C 371 has been observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (\textit{TESS}) for approximately a year, between July 2019 and July 2020, with an unmatched 2-minute observing cadence. In parallel, the Whole Earth…

Multi-wavelength light curves of bright gamma-ray blazars (e.g., 3C 454.3) reveal strong correlations across wavebands, yet striking dissimilarities in the details. This conundrum can be explained if the variable flux and polarization…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-01-27 Alan P. Marscher

Mrk~421 is one of the most fascinating blazars, widely studied across the electromagnetic spectrum using observations at various wavebands, from radio to the TeV gamma ray bands. We present the first detailed spectral and timing analysis of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-10 Sangeetha Kizhakkekalam , Gopal Bhatta , Navaneeth P K , Tek P. Adhikari

A detailed analysis of the optical polarimetric variability of the TeV blazar 1ES 1959+650 from 2007 October 18 to 2011 May 5 is presented. The source showed a maximum and minimum brightness states in the R-band of 14.08$\pm$0.03 mag and…

We have examined 13 pointed observations of the TeV emitting high synchrotron peak blazar PKS 2155-304, taken by the Suzaku satellite throughout its operational period. We found that the blazar showed large-amplitude intraday variabilities…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-17 Zhongli Zhang , Alok C. Gupta , Haritma Gaur , Paul J. Wiita , Tao An , Yang Lu , Shida Fan , Haiguang Xu

Studying the temporal variability of BL Lac objects at the highest energies provides unique insights into the extreme physical processes occurring in relativistic jets and in the vicinity of super-massive black holes. To this end, the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-02-01 H. E. S. S. Collaboration , H. Abdalla , A. Abramowski , F. Aharonian , F. Ait Benkhali , A. G. Akhperjanian T. Andersson , M. Arrieta , P. Aubert , M. Backes , A. Balzer , M. Barnard , Y. Becherini , J. Becker Tjus , D. Berge S. Bernhard , K. Bernlöhr , R. Blackwell , M. Böttcher , C. Boisson , J. Bolmont , P. Bordas , J. Bregeon , F. Brun , P. Brun , M. Bryan , T. Bulik , M. Capasso , J. Carr S. Casanova , M. Cerruti , N. Chakraborty , R. Chalme-Calvet , R. C. G. Chaves , A. Chen , J. Chevalier , M. Chrétien , S. Colafrancesco , G. Cologna , B. Condon , J. Conrad , Y. Cui , I. D. Davids , J. Decock , B. Degrange , C. Deil , J. Devin , P. deWilt , L. Dirson , A. Djannati-Ataï , W. Domainko , A. Donath , L. O'C. Drury , G. Dubus , K. Dutson , J. Dyks , T. Edwards , K. Egberts , P. Eger , J. -P. Ernenwein , S. Eschbach , C. Farnier , S. Fegan , M. V. Fernandes , A. Fiasson , G. Fontaine , A. Förster , S. Funk , M. Füßling , S. Gabici M. Gajdus , Y. A. Gallant , T. Garrigoux , G. Giavitto , B. Giebels , J. F. Glicenstein , D. Gottschall , A. Goyal , M. -H. Grondin , D. Hadasch , J. Hahn , M. Haupt , J. Hawkes , G. Heinzelmann , G. Henri , G. Hermann , O. Hervet , J. A. Hinton , W. Hofmann , C. Hoischen , M. Holler , D. Horns , A. Ivascenko , A. Jacholkowska , M. Jamrozy , M. Janiak , D. Jankowsky , F. Jankowsky , M. Jingo , T. Jogler , L. Jouvin , I. Jung-Richardt , M. A. Kastendieck , K. Katarzyński , U. Katz , D. Kerszberg , B. Khélifi , M. Kieffer , J. King , S. Klepser , D. Klochkov , W. Kluźniak , D. Kolitzus , Nu. Komin , K. Kosack , S. Krakau , M. Kraus , F. Krayzel , P. P. Krüger , H. Laffon , G. Lamanna , J. Lau , J. -P. Lees , J. Lefaucheur , V. Lefranc , A. Lemière , M. Lemoine-Goumard , J. -P. Lenain , E. Leser , T. Lohse , M. Lorentz , R. Liu , R. López-Coto , I. Lypova , V. Marandon , A. Marcowith , C. Mariaud , R. Marx , G. Maurin , N. Maxted , M. Mayer , P. J. Meintjes , M. Meyer , A. M. W. Mitchell , R. Moderski , M. Mohamed , L. Mohrmann , K. Morå , E. Moulin , T. Murach , M. deNaurois , F. Niederwanger , J. Niemiec , L. Oakes , P. O'Brien , H. Odaka , S. Öttl , S. Ohm , M. Ostrowski , I. Oya , M. Padovani , M. Panter , R. D. Parsons , N. W. Pekeur , G. Pelletier , C. Perennes , P. -O. Petrucci , B. Peyaud , Q. Piel S. Pita , H. Poon , D. Prokhorov , H. Prokoph , G. Pühlhofer , M. Punch , A. Quirrenbach , S. Raab , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , M. Renaud , R. delosReyes , F. Rieger , C. Romoli , S. Rosier-Lees , G. Rowell , B. Rudak , C. B. Rulten , V. Sahakian , D. Salek , D. A. Sanchez , A. Santangelo , M. Sasaki , R. Schlickeiser , F. Schüssler , A. Schulz , U. Schwanke , S. Schwemmer , M. Settimo , A. S. Seyffert , N. Shafi , I. Shilon , R. Simoni , H. Sol , F. Spanier , G. Spengler , F. Spies , Ł. Stawarz , R. Steenkamp , C. Stegmann , F. Stinzing , K. Stycz , I. Sushch , J. -P. Tavernet , T. Tavernier , A. M. Taylor , R. Terrier , L. Tibaldo , D. Tiziani , M. Tluczykont , C. Trichard , R. Tuffs , Y. Uchiyama , D. J. van der Walt , C. vanEldik , C. vanRensburg , B. vanSoelen , G. Vasileiadis , J. Veh , C. Venter , A. Viana , P. Vincent , J. Vink , F. Voisin , H. J. Völk , T. Vuillaume , Z. Wadiasingh , S. J. Wagner , P. Wagner , R. M. Wagner R. White , A. Wierzcholska , P. Willmann , A. Wörnlein , D. Wouters , R. Yang , V. Zabalza , D. Zaborov , M. Zacharias , A. A. Zdziarski , A. Zech , F. Zefi , A. Ziegler , N. Żywucka

We investigate the previously proposed possibility that multi-epoch broadband polarimetry could act as a complement or limited proxy for VLBI observations of blazars, in that the number of polarised emission components in the jet, and some…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-02-20 C. S. Anderson , S. P. O'Sullivan , G. H. Heald , T. Hodgson , A. Pasetto , B. M. Gaensler

We present a new time-dependent inhomogeneous jet model of non-thermal blazar emission. Ultra-relativistic leptons are injected at the base of a jet and propagate along it. We assume continuous reacceleration and cooling, producing a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-10-02 Timothé Boutelier , Gilles Henri , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci

The spectral energy distribution (SED) of TeV blazars peaks both at keV and TeV energies. The X-ray emission is generally believed to originate in the synchrotron emission from relativistic electrons (and positrons) in the jet of these…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Yongquan Xue , Feng Yuan , Wei Cui