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Related papers: Nucleosynthesis in the Early Galaxy

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Abundance observations indicate the presence of rapid-neutron capture (i.e., r-process) elements in old Galactic halo and globular cluster stars. These observations demonstrate that the earliest generations of stars in the Galaxy,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 J. J. Cowan , C. Sneden

We propose a new neutron-capture site in early metal-poor and metal-free stars of $\sim 20$--$30 \,\mathrm{M}_\odot$ that results from proton ingestion in the He shell during late stages of the stars' lives. Most of the neutron capture…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-12 Projjwal Banerjee , Yong-Zhong Qian , Alexander Heger

The rapid neutron capture process (r process) is believed to be responsible for about half of the production of the elements heavier than iron and contributes to abundances of some lighter nuclides as well. A universal pattern of r-process…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-06-26 T. Kajino , W. Aoki , A. B. Balantekin , R. Diehl , M. A. Famiano , G. J. Mathews

The abundance patterns of metal-poor stars provide us a wealth of chemical information about various stages of the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. In particular, these stars allow us to study the formation and evolution of the elements…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-04-14 Anna Frebel

Context. In recent years, the R-Process Alliance (RPA) has conducted a successful search for stars enhanced in elements produced by the rapid neutron-capture (r-)process. In particular, the RPA has uncovered a number of stars strongly…

Carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) r/s-stars show surface-abundance distributions characteristic of the so-called intermediate neutron capture process (i-process) of nucleosynthesis. We previously showed that the ingestion of protons in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-27 S. Goriely , L. Siess , A. Choplin

Abundance observations indicate the presence of rapid-neutron capture (i.e., r-process) elements in old Galactic halo and globular cluster stars. These observations demonstrate that the earliest generations of stars in the Galaxy,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 J. J. Cowan , C. Sneden , J. W. Truran

Moderately r-process-enriched stars (r-I) are at least four times as common as those that are greatly enriched in r-process elements (r-II), and the abundances in their atmospheres are important tools for obtaining a better understanding of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 C. Siqueira-Mello , V. Hill , B. Barbuy , M. Spite , F. Spite , T. C. Beers , E. Caffau , P. Bonifacio , R. Cayrel , P. François , H. Schatz , S. Wanajo

We report abundance estimates for neutron-capture elements, including lead (Pb), and nucleosynthesis models for their origin, in two carbon-rich, very metal-poor stars, LP625-44 and LP706-7. These stars are subgiants whose surface…

The rapid neutron-capture process or r-process is thought to produce the majority of the heavy elements (Z > 30) in extremely metal-poor stars. The same process is also responsible for a significant fraction of the heavy elements in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-13 Andrew R. Casey , Kevin C. Schlaufman

There has been a concerted effort in recent years to identify the astrophysical sites of the $r$-process that can operate early in the Galaxy. The discovery of many $r$-process-enhanced (RPE) stars (especially by the $R$-process Alliance…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-02 Pallavi Saraf , Carlos Allende Prieto , Thirupathi Sivarani , Avrajit Bandyopadhyay , Timothy C. Beers , A. Susmitha

Accurate relative abundances have been obtained for a sample of 21 mildly metal-poor stars from the analysis of high resolution and high signal-to-noise spectra. With these accurate results, correlations between relative abundances have…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Jehin , P. Magain , C. Neuforge , A. Noels , G. Parmentier , A. Thoul

Heavy element abundances in extremely metal-poor stars provide strong constraints on the processes of forming these elements in the first stars. We attempt to determine precise abundances of strontium in a homogeneous sample of extremely…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 S. M. Andrievsky , F. Spite , S. A. Korotin , P. Francois , M. Spite , P. Bonifacio , R. Cayrel , V. Hill

The surface chemical compositions of a large fraction of Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor (CEMP) stars, the so-called CEMP-r/s stars, are known to exhibit enhancement of both s- and r-process elements. For these stars, the heavy element…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-06 Partha Pratim Goswami , Aruna Goswami

The chemical abundances of metal-poor stars provide important clues to explore stellar formation history and set significant constraints on models of the r-process. In this work, we find that the abundance patterns of the light and iron…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-21 Hongjie Li , Wenjuan Ma , Wenyuan Cui , Bo Zhang

The elemental abundances between strontium and silver ($Z = 38-47$) observed in the atmospheres of very metal-poor stars (VMP) in the Galaxy may contain the fingerprint of the weak $r$-process and $\nu p$-process occurring in early…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-12-20 A. Psaltis , M. Jacobi , F. Montes , A. Arcones , C. J. Hansen , H. Schatz

We present new abundance determinations of neutron-capture elements Ge, Zr, Os, Ir, and Pt in a sample of 11 metal-poor (-3.1 <= [Fe/H] <= -1.6) Galactic halo giant stars, based on Hubble Space Telescope UV and Keck I optical…

Rapid neutron capture process (r-process) elements have been detected in a large fraction of metal-poor halo stars, with abundances relative to iron (Fe) that vary by over two orders of magnitude. This scatter is reduced to less than a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-08-16 B. Wehmeyer , C. Frohlich , B. Côté , M. Pignatari , F. -K. Thielemann

In a brief review of abundances neutron-capture elements (Z > ~30) in metal-poor halo stars, attention is called to their star-to-star scatter, the dominance of r-process synthesis at lowest metallicities, the puzzle of the lighter members…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-03 C. Sneden , J. J. Cowan , J. W. Truran

We have made a parametric study of s-process nucleosynthesis in the metal poor ([Fe/H]=-2.7) stars LP625-44 and LP706-7. We find that a high neutron exposure and a small overlap factor are necessary to fit the abundance pattern observed in…