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I revue the so called Wilson loop approach to bound state problem in QCD. I shall show how using appropriate path integral representations for the quark propagator in an external field it is possible to obtain corresponding path integral…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 G. M. Prosperi

The interpretation of virtual gluons as ghosts in the non-linear gluonic structure of QCD permits the formulation and realization of a manifestly gauge-invariant and Lorentz covariant theory of interacting quarks/anti-quarks, for all values…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-02-11 H. M. Fried , Y. Gabellini , T. Grandou , Y. -M. Sheu

We derive general covariant coupled equations of QCD describing the tetraquark in terms of a mix of four-quark states $2q2\bar q$, and two-quark states $q\bar q$. The coupling of $2q2\bar q$ to $q\bar q$ states is achieved by a simple…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-10-05 A. N. Kvinikhidze , B. Blankleider

We evaluate the Green's function for the insertion of the second moment of the twist-$2$ flavour nonsinglet Wilson operator in a quark $2$-point function in all three different single scale external momentum configurations at four loops in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-01-10 J. A. Gracey

Wilson loop averages are evaluated for large contours and in the large N limit by means of minimal surfaces. This allows the study of the quark-antiquark gauge invariant Green function through its dependence on Wilson loops. A covariant…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Jugeau , H. Sazdjian

We construct the two loop Green's functions for a quark bilinear operator inserted at non-zero momentum in a quark 2-point function for the most general off-shell configuration. In particular we consider the quark mass operator, vector and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-07-03 J. A. Gracey

A gauge-invariant color-charge operator is defined and related to an integral of the gauge-invariant chromoelectric field over a closed surface. We discuss the case of a surface all of whose points are a macroscopic distance from a system…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Kurt Haller

We investigate solutions to a nonlinear integral equation which has a central role in implementing the non-Abelian Gauss's Law and in constructing gauge-invariant quark and gluon fields. Here we concern ourselves with solutions to this same…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Kurt Haller , Lusheng Chen , Y. S. Choi

We evaluate the quartic ghost and quark Green's functions as well as the gluon-ghost, gluon-quark and ghost-quark 4-point functions of Quantum Chromodynamics at one loop at the fully symmetric point in a linear covariant gauge. Similar…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-03-29 J. A. Gracey

At 2-loop order, Feynman integrals in the Coulomb gauge are divergent over the internal energy variables. Nevertheless, it is known how to calculate the effective action provided that the external gluon fields are all transverse. We show…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-22 A. Andrasi , J. C. Taylor

We propose to study the superconducting pairing of quarks with the formation of the diquarks as well as the quark-antiquark pairing in QCD by means of the functional integral technique. The dynamical equations for the superconducting order…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Nguyen Van Hieu

In this series of lectures we present the functional integral method for studying the superconducting pairing of quarks with the formation of the diquarks as well as the quark-antiquark pairing in dense QCD. The dynamical equations for the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-04-15 Nguyen Van Hieu

Starting from linear equations for the complex scalar field, the two- and three-point Green's functions are obtained in the infrared approximation. We show that the infrared singularity factorizes in the vertex function as in spinorial QED,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-02-01 B. M. Pimentel , J. L. Tomazelli

By using the path integral method , we calculate the Green functions of field strength of Yang-Mills theories on arbitrary nonorientable surfaces in Schwinger-Fock gauge. We show that the non-gauge invariant correlators consist of a free…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Alimohammadi , M. Khorrami

When all Green's functions are known in a given gauge we may raise a question of whether it is possible or not to derive the corresponding ones in a different gauge. The answer is negative in QCD but affirmative in QED provided that we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 K. Nishijima , A. Tureanu

We show that cluster algorithms for quantum models have a meaning independent of the basis chosen to construct them. Using this idea, we propose a new method for measuring with little effort a whole class of Green's functions, once a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 R. Brower , S. Chandrasekharan , U. -J. Wiese

The loop equation satisfied by Wilson's loops in QCD is reformulated as a functional Laplace equation. Discretizing the loop space by polygons, Green's function of the functional Laplacian is represented as a path integral of the Euclidean…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-08-14 Yuri Makeenko

We derive a relation between four-fermion QED Green functions of different covariant gauges which defines the gauge dependence completely. We use the derived gauge dependence to check the gauge invariance of atom-like bound state…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-28 Grigirii Pivovarov

Following a previous calculation of quark scattering in eikonal approximation, this paper presents a new, analytic and rigorous approach to the calculation of QCD phenomena. In this formulation a basic distinction between the conventional…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-01-20 H. M. Fried , T. Grandou , Y. -M. Sheu

Gribov's scenario of supercritical charges in QCD is investigated. We perform a numerical study of the corresponding equation for the Green function of light quarks. This is done in an approximation which neglects all pion contributions.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-09-13 Carlo Ewerz