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Previous flow measurements in small collision systems were mostly based on highly asymmetric collisions ($p$+Pb, $p$+Au, $d$+Au, $^{3}$He+Au), where both nuclear structure and subnucleonic fluctuations are important. Comparing these…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-10-23 Shengli Huang , Jiangyong Jia , Chunjian Zhang

Event-by-event fluctuations of mean pt and net charge in 40, 80, and 158 AGeV/c Pb+Au collisions are presented. The observed dynamical mean pt fluctuations in central events of about 1 % are very similar to results from RHIC. The centrality…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-14 Hiroyuki Sako , Harald Appelshaeuser

We show that the centrality and system-size dependence of elliptic flow measured at RHIC are fully described by a simple model based on eccentricity scaling and incomplete thermalization. We argue that the elliptic flow is at least 25%…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Hans-Joachim Drescher , Adrian Dumitru , Clement Gombeaud , Jean-Yves Ollitrault

Predictions on fluctuations of hadron production properties in central heavy ion collisions are presented. They are based on the Statistical Model of the Early Stage and extend previously published results by considering the strongly…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-09-21 R. V. Poberezhnyuk , M. I. Gorenstein , M. Gazdzicki

We present a number of independent flow observables that can be measured using multiparticle azimuthal correlations in heavy-ion collisions. Some of these observables are already well known, such as v2{2} and v2{4}, but most are new--in…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-06-18 Rajeev S. Bhalerao , Matthew Luzum , Jean-Yves Ollitrault

Non-trivial geometrical effects in relativistic central collisions of deformed nuclei are studied using a simple version of optical Glauber model. For very small impact parameters large centrality and eccentricity fluctuations are observed.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Peter Filip

We present the directed flow measurement ($v_1$) from Au+Au collisions at $\sqrtsNN = 62$ GeV. Over the pseudorapidity range we have studied, which covers $\eta$ from -1.2 to 1.2 and $2.4 < |\eta| < 4$, the magnitude of $v_1$ for charged…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2009-11-10 Aihong Tang

Measurements of anisotropic flow coefficients with two- and multi-particle cumulants for inclusive charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{{\textit s}_\text{NN}} = 5.02$ and 2.76 TeV are reported in the pseudorapidity range $|\eta|…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-01-18 ALICE Collaboration

Event-by-event fluctuations in the initial conditions for a hydrodynamical description of heavy-ion collisions are characterized. We propose a Bessel-Fourier decomposition with respect to the azimuthal angle, the radius in the transverse…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-10-30 Stefan Floerchinger , Urs Achim Wiedemann

The elliptic flow measured at RHIC has been interpreted as a signature for strong partonic interactions early in the collision and as an indication of a well developed quark-gluon plasma phase. The measured values of elliptic flow, using…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 Mike Miller , Raimond Snellings

A consistent picture of the Au+Au and D+Au, s^1/2 = 200 A GeV measurements at RHIC obtained with the PHENIX, STAR, PHOBOS and BRAHMS detectors including both the rapidity and transverse momentum spectra was previously developed with the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 D. E. Kahana , S. H. Kahana

A method is proposed to measure the relative azimuthal angle distributions involving two or more event planes of different order in heavy ion collisions using a Fourier analysis technique. The analysis procedure is demonstrated for…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-07-31 Jiangyong Jia , Soumya Mohapatra

Recent measurements of event-by-event elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 200 GeV exhibit large relative fluctuations of about 40~50%. The data are well described by fluctuations in the shape of the initial collision region, as…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 Steven Manly

Fluctuations of various observables in heavy-ion collisions at ultra-relativistic energies have been extensively studied as they provide important signals regarding the formation of a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). Because of the large number of…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2016-03-23 Maitreyee Mukherjee

Further investigation of the participant plane correlations within a Glauber model framework is presented, focusing on correlations between three or four participant planes of different order. A strong correlation is observed for…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2013-10-15 Jiangyong Jia , Derek Teaney

We argue that the pattern of the deviation from the Glauber approximation prediction for the centrality dependence of the rate of forward jet production observed in pA collisions at the LHC provides the first experimental evidence that…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-01-27 Massimiliano Alvioli , Brian Cole , Leonid Frankfurt , Dennis Perepelitsa , Mark Strikman

Using a (2+1)-d viscous hydrodynamical model, we study the dependence of flow observables on the collision energy ranging from sqrt(s)=7.7 A GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) to sqrt(s)=2760 A GeV at the Large Hadron…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-10-08 Chun Shen , Ulrich Heinz

Event-by-event fluctuations in the elliptic-flow coefficient $v_2$ are studied in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_\text{NN}}} =$ 5.02 TeV using the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. Elliptic-flow probability distributions ${p}(v_2)$ for charged…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-01-23 CMS Collaboration

Monte Carlo simulations are used to compute the centrality dependence of the participant eccentricities ($\epsilon_{n}$) in Au+Au collisions, for the two primary models currently employed for eccentricity estimates -- the Glauber and the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2011-05-05 Roy A. Lacey , Rui Wei , J. Jia , N. N. Ajitanand , A. Taranenko

The first ($v_1^{\text{even}}$), second ($v_2$) and third ($v_3$) harmonic coefficients of the azimuthal particle distribution at mid-rapidity, are extracted for charged hadrons and studied as a function of transverse momentum ($p_T$) and…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-05-08 STAR Collaboration , J. Adam , L. Adamczyk , J. R. Adams , J. K. Adkins , G. Agakishiev , M. M. Aggarwal , Z. Ahammed , I. Alekseev , D. M. Anderson , R. Aoyama , A. Aparin , D. Arkhipkin , E. C. Aschenauer , M. U. Ashraf , F. Atetalla , A. Attri , G. S. Averichev , V. Bairathi , K. Barish , A. J. Bassill , A. Behera , R. Bellwied , A. Bhasin , A. K. Bhati , J. Bielcik , J. Bielcikova , L. C. Bland , I. G. Bordyuzhin , J. D. Brandenburg , A. V. Brandin , J. Bryslawskyj , I. Bunzarov , J. Butterworth , H. Caines , M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez , D. Cebra , I. Chakaberia , P. Chaloupka , B. K. Chan , F-H. Chang , Z. Chang , N. Chankova-Bunzarova , A. Chatterjee , S. Chattopadhyay , J. H. Chen , X. Chen , J. Cheng , M. Cherney , W. Christie , H. J. Crawford , M. Csanád , S. Das , T. G. Dedovich , I. M. Deppner , A. A. Derevschikov , L. Didenko , C. Dilks , X. Dong , J. L. Drachenberg , J. C. Dunlop , T. Edmonds , N. Elsey , J. Engelage , G. Eppley , R. Esha , S. Esumi , O. Evdokimov , J. Ewigleben , O. Eyser , R. Fatemi , S. Fazio , P. Federic , J. Fedorisin , Y. Feng , P. Filip , E. Finch , Y. Fisyak , L. Fulek , C. A. Gagliardi , T. Galatyuk , F. Geurts , A. Gibson , D. Grosnick , A. Gupta , W. Guryn , A. I. Hamad , A. Hamed , J. W. Harris , L. He , S. Heppelmann , S. Heppelmann , N. Herrmann , L. Holub , Y. Hong , S. Horvat , B. Huang , H. Z. Huang , S. L. Huang , T. Huang , X. Huang , T. J. Humanic , P. Huo , G. Igo , W. W. Jacobs , A. Jentsch , J. Jia , K. Jiang , S. Jowzaee , X. Ju , E. G. Judd , S. Kabana , S. Kagamaster , D. Kalinkin , K. Kang , D. Kapukchyan , K. Kauder , H. W. Ke , D. Keane , A. Kechechyan , M. Kelsey , Y. V. Khyzhniak , D. P. Kikoła , C. Kim , T. A. Kinghorn , I. Kisel , A. Kisiel , M. Kocan , L. Kochenda , L. K. Kosarzewski , L. Kramarik , P. Kravtsov , K. Krueger , N. Kulathunga Mudiyanselage , L. Kumar , R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli , J. H. Kwasizur , R. Lacey , J. M. Landgraf , J. Lauret , A. Lebedev , R. Lednicky , J. H. Lee , C. Li , W. Li , W. Li , X. Li , Y. Li , Y. Liang , R. Licenik , T. Lin , A. Lipiec , M. A. Lisa , F. Liu , H. Liu , P. Liu , P. Liu , X. Liu , Y. Liu , Z. Liu , T. Ljubicic , W. J. Llope , M. Lomnitz , R. S. Longacre , S. Luo , X. Luo , G. L. Ma , L. Ma , R. Ma , Y. G. Ma , N. Magdy , R. Majka , D. Mallick , S. Margetis , C. Markert , H. S. Matis , O. Matonoha , J. A. Mazer , K. Meehan , J. C. Mei , N. G. Minaev , S. Mioduszewski , D. Mishra , B. Mohanty , M. M. Mondal , I. Mooney , Z. Moravcova , D. A. Morozov , Md. Nasim , K. Nayak , J. M. Nelson , D. B. Nemes , M. Nie , G. Nigmatkulov , T. Niida , L. V. Nogach , T. Nonaka , G. Odyniec , A. Ogawa , K. Oh , S. Oh , V. A. Okorokov , B. S. Page , R. Pak , Y. Panebratsev , B. Pawlik , H. Pei , C. Perkins , R. L. Pintér , J. Pluta , J. Porter , M. Posik , N. K. Pruthi , M. Przybycien , J. Putschke , A. Quintero , S. K. Radhakrishnan , S. Ramachandran , R. L. Ray , R. Reed , H. G. Ritter , J. B. Roberts , O. V. Rogachevskiy , J. L. Romero , L. Ruan , J. Rusnak , O. Rusnakova , N. R. Sahoo , P. K. Sahu , S. Salur , J. Sandweiss , J. Schambach , W. B. Schmidke , N. Schmitz , B. R. Schweid , F. Seck , J. Seger , M. Sergeeva , R. Seto , P. Seyboth , N. Shah , E. Shahaliev , P. V. Shanmuganathan , M. Shao , F. Shen , W. Q. Shen , S. S. Shi , Q. Y. Shou , E. P. Sichtermann , S. Siejka , R. Sikora , M. Simko , J Singh , S. Singha , D. Smirnov , N. Smirnov , W. Solyst , P. Sorensen , H. M. Spinka , B. Srivastava , T. D. S. Stanislaus , D. J. Stewart , M. Strikhanov , B. Stringfellow , A. A. P. Suaide , T. Sugiura , M. Sumbera , B. Summa , X. M. Sun , Y. Sun , Y. Sun , B. Surrow , D. N. Svirida , P. Szymanski , A. H. Tang , Z. Tang , A. Taranenko , T. Tarnowsky , J. H. Thomas , A. R. Timmins , T. Todoroki , M. Tokarev , C. A. Tomkiel , S. Trentalange , R. E. Tribble , P. Tribedy , S. K. Tripathy , O. D. Tsai , B. Tu , T. Ullrich , D. G. Underwood , I. Upsal , G. Van Buren , J. Vanek , A. N. Vasiliev , I. Vassiliev , F. Videbæk , S. Vokal , S. A. Voloshin , F. Wang , G. Wang , P. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. Wang , J. C. Webb , L. Wen , G. D. Westfall , H. Wieman , S. W. Wissink , R. Witt , Y. Wu , Z. G. Xiao , G. Xie , W. Xie , H. Xu , N. Xu , Q. H. Xu , Y. F. Xu , Z. Xu , C. Yang , Q. Yang , S. Yang , Y. Yang , Z. Ye , Z. Ye , L. Yi , K. Yip , I. -K. Yoo , H. Zbroszczyk , W. Zha , D. Zhang , L. Zhang , S. Zhang , S. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Z. Zhang , J. Zhao , C. Zhong , C. Zhou , X. Zhu , Z. Zhu , M. Zurek , M. Zyzak
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