Related papers: Geometry reconstruction of fluorescence detectors …
The experimental technique of fluorescence light observation is used in current and planned air shower experiments that aim at understanding the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. In the fluorescence technique, the geometry of the…
The fluorescence technique has been successfully used to detect ultrahigh energy cosmic rays by indirect measurements. The underlying idea is that the number of charged particles in the atmospheric shower, i.e, its longitudinal profile, can…
The air fluorescence technique has long been used to detect extensive air showers and to reconstruct its geometry and energy. The fluorescence photon yield of an electron in air is of main importance in the reconstruction procedure.…
The fluorescence technique has been successfully used to detect ultrahigh energy cosmic rays by indirect measurements. The underlying idea is that the number of charged particles in the atmospheric shower, i.e, its longitudinal profile, can…
A new method to reconstruct the 3-dimensional structure of extensive air showers, seen by fluorescence detectors, is proposed. The observation of the shower is done in 2-dimensional pixels, for consecutive time bins. Time corresponds to a…
An accurate knowledge of the fluorescence yield and its dependence on atmospheric properties such as pressure, temperature or humidity is essential to obtain a reliable measurement of the primary energy of cosmic rays in experiments using…
The fluorescence detector (FD) of the Pierre Auger Observatory is currently operating 18 fluorescence telescopes of the 24 that will be employed in the completed detector. These telescopes, grouped in 4 eyes each consisting of 6 telescopes,…
The Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) is one of several proposed designs for a next-generation cosmic-ray detector. Such detectors will require enormous collecting areas whilst also needing to remain…
We describe a method of reconstructing air showers induced by cosmic rays using deep learning techniques. We simulate an observatory consisting of ground-based particle detectors with fixed locations on a regular grid. The detector's…
The Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes aims to deploy an array of simplified, autonomous fluorescence telescopes over an area of $\sim60,000$ km$^{2}$ to observe ultra-high energy cosmic rays. The unprecedented size of…
Detection of the air-fluorescence radiation induced by the charged particles of extensive air showers is a well-established technique for the study of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Fluorescence telescopes provide a nearly calorimetric…
Traditionally, longitudinal shower profiles are reconstructed in fluorescence light experiments by treating the Cherenkov light contribution as background. Here we will argue that, due to universality of the energy spectra of electrons and…
Stereoscopic arrays of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes allow to reconstruct gamma-ray-induced showers in 3 dimensions, which offers several advantages: direct access to the shower parameters in space and straightforward…
Very inclined extensive air showers (EAS), with both down-going and up-going trajectories, are particularly targeted by the next generation of extended radio arrays, such as GRAND. Methods to reconstruct the incoming direction, core…
A new approach to simulate fluorescence photons produced in extensive air showers is described. A Monte Carlo program based on CORSIKA produces the fluorescence photons for each charged particle in the development of the shower. This method…
Measurements of the cosmic-ray air-shower fluorescence at extreme energies require precise knowledge of atmospheric conditions. The absolute calibration of the cosmic-ray energy depends on the absorption of fluorescence light between its…
We describe the method devised to reconstruct inclined cosmic-ray air showers with zenith angles greater than $60^\circ$ detected with the surface array of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The measured signals at the ground level are fitted to…
The proposed SCORE detector consists of a large array of light collecting modules designed to sample the Cherenkov light front of extensive air showers in order to detect high energy gamma-rays. A large spacing of the detector stations…
The light intensity distribution in a shower image and its implications to the primary energy reconstructed by the fluorescence technique are studied. Based on detailed CORSIKA energy deposit simulations, a universal analytical formula is…
We present a new method for the reconstruction of the longitudinal profile of extensive air showers induced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays. In contrast to the typically considered shower size profile, this method employs directly the…