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The effective evolution of an inhomogeneous universe model in Einstein's theory of gravitation may be described in terms of spatially averaged scalar variables. This evolution can be modeled by solutions of a set of Friedmann equations for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-02-25 Thomas Buchert

Cosmology relies on the Cosmological Principle, i.e., the hypothesis that the Universe is homogeneous and isotropic on large scales. This implies in particular that the counts of galaxies should approach a homogeneous scaling with volume at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-26 R. S. Gonçalves , G. C. Carvalho , C. A. P. Bengaly , J. C. Carvalho , A. Bernui , J. S. Alcaniz , R. Maartens

We investigate number count statistics as measures for transition to homogeneity of the matter distribution in the Universe and analyse how such statistics might be `dressed' by the assumed survey selection function. Since the estimated…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-03 Asta Heinesen

Recent galaxy redshift surveys have brought in a large amount of accurate cosmological data out to redshift 0.3, and future surveys are expected to achieve a high degree of completeness out to a redshift exceeding 1. Consequently, a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Teresa Hui-Ching Lu , Charles Hellaby

Exclusion zones in the cross-correlations between critical points (peak-void, peak-wall, filament-wall, filament-void) of the density field define quasi-standard rulers that can be used to constrain dark matter and dark energy cosmological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-19 Junsup Shim , Christophe Pichon , Dmitri Pogosyan , Stephen Appleby , Corentin Cadiou , Juhan Kim , Katarina Kraljic , Changbom Park

The Universe is homogeneous and isotropic on large scales, so on those scales it is usually modelled as a Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) space-time. The non-linearity of the Einstein field equations raises concern over…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-03 Yonadav Barry Ginat

There is an ongoing debate in the literature as to whether the effects of averaging out inhomogeneities (``backreaction'') in Cosmology can be large enough to account for the acceleration of the scale factor in the FLRW models. In…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Aseem Paranjape , T. P. Singh

Cosmological observables are used to construct cosmological models. Since cosmological observations are limited to the light cone, a fixed number of observables (even measured to arbitrary accuracy) may not uniquely determine a cosmological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-20 Edward W. Kolb , Callum R. Lamb

Understanding the limiting behavior of eigenvalues of random matrices is the central problem of random matrix theory. Classical limit results are known for many models, and there has been significant recent progress in obtaining more…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-09-05 Elizabeth S. Meckes , Mark W. Meckes

We calculate the systematic inhomogeneity-induced correction to the cosmological constant that one would infer from an analysis of the luminosities and redshifts of Type Ia supernovae, assuming a homogeneous universe. The calculation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 R. Ali Vanderveld , Eanna E. Flanagan , Ira Wasserman

The inhomogeneous distribution of matter in the non-linear regime of galaxies, clusters of galaxies and voids is described by an exact, spherically symmetric inhomogeneous solution of Einstein's gravitational field equations, corresponding…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 J. W. Moffat

The challenging issue of determining the correct $f(R)$ among several possibilities is here revised by means of numerical reconstructions of the modified Friedmann equations around the redshift interval $z\in[0,1]$. Frequently, a severe…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Liberato Pizza

An expression for the average redshift drift in a statistically homogeneous and isotropic dust universe is given. The expression takes the same form as the expression for the redshift drift in FLRW models. It is used for a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-20 S. M. Koksbang , S. Hannestad

The cosmological principle is a cornerstone of the standard cosmological model. However, recent observations suggest potential deviations from this assumption, hinting at a small anisotropic expansion. Such an expansion can arise from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-23 Jose L. Palacios-Córdoba , J. Bayron Orjuela-Quintana , Gabriela A. Valencia-Zuñiga , César A. Valenzuela-Toledo

Previous work in the literature had built a formalism for spatially averaged equations for the scale factor, giving rise to an averaged Raychaudhuri equation and averaged Hamiltonian constraint, which involve a backreaction source term. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-12 Vincenzo F. Cardone , Giampiero Esposito

The aim of this paper is to check if the models with realistic inhomogeneous matter distribution and without cosmological constant can explain the dimming of the supernovae in such a way that it can be interpreted as an acceleration of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Krzysztof Bolejko

The standard relation between the cosmological redshift and cosmic scale factor underlies cosmological inference from virtually all kinds of cosmological observations, leading to the emergence of the LambdaCDM cosmological model. This…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-08 Radosław Wojtak , Francisco Prada

We have used a statistical technique "Shuffle" (Bhavsar & Ling 1988; Bharadwaj, Bhavsar & Sheth 2004) in seven nearly two dimensional strips from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release Six (SDSS DR6) to test if the statistically…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-28 Biswajit Pandey

We discuss anisotropic scaling of long-range dependent linear random fields $X$ on ${\mathbb{Z}}^2$ with arbitrary dependence axis (direction in the plane along which the moving-average coefficients decay at a smallest rate). The scaling…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-02-22 Vytautė Pilipauskaitė , Donatas Surgailis

The current standard model of cosmology, the LambdaCDM model, is based on the homogeneous FLRW solutions of the Einstein equations to which some perturbations are added to account for the CMB features and structure formation at large…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-03-14 Marie-Noëlle Célérier