Related papers: Heavy Ion Collisions and New Forms of Matter
Lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD), defined on a discrete space time lattice, leads to a spectacular non-perturbative prediction of a new state of matter, called quark-gluon plasma (QGP), at sufficiently high temperatures or equivalently…
The most significant experimental results on hard processes in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC collider energies are reviewed. Emphasis is put on measurements that provide insights on strongly interacting media like the ``Quark Gluon Plasma''…
In this talk, I review the Color Glass Condensate theory of gluon saturation, and its application to the early stages of heavy ion collisions.
After decades of painstaking research, the field of heavy ion physics has reached an exciting new era. Evidence is mounting that we can create a high temperature, high density, strongly interacting ``bulk matter'' state in the laboratory --…
We discuss the empirical evidence for a universal Color Glass Condensate and outline prospects for further studies at future colliders. Some ramifications for initial conditions in heavy ion collisions are pointed out.
We analyze the possibilities for studying properties of dense QCD-matter, created in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions, by hard QCD-production processes, so-called "hard" probes -- heavy quarkonia, hard jets, high mass dimuons. Special…
The high energy limit of QCD is controlled by the small-$x$ part of a hadron wavefunction. I argue that this part is universal to all hadrons and is composed of a new form of matter: a Colored Glass Condensate. This matter is weakly…
The ultimate aim of high energy heavy ion collisions is to study quark deconfinement and the quark-gluon plasma predicted by quantum chromodynamics. This requires the identification of observables calculable in QCD and measurable in heavy…
At high temperatures or densities matter formed by strongly interacting elementary particles (hadronic matter) is expected to undergo a transition to a new form of matter - the quark gluon plasma - in which elementary particles (quarks and…
The Color Glass Condensate (CGC), describing the physics of the nonlinear gluonic interactions of QCD at high energy, provides a consistent first-principles framework to understand the initial conditions of heavy ion collisions. This talk…
After the discovery of the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), many experimental and theoretical efforts have been made to investigate physics issues involved in ultra relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The fundamental goal of this work is to…
The physics of the initial conditions of heavy ion collisions is dominated by the nonlinear gluonic interactions of QCD. These lead to the concepts of parton saturation and the Color Glass Condensate (CGC). We discuss recent progress in…
I discuss the role played by large parton densities in the QCD description of high-pT observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In pA collisions, high-pT particles probe large parton densities in the nucleus and provide tests of the…
Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), a QCD state of matter created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, has remarkable properties, including, for example, a low shear viscosity over entropy ratio. By detecting the collection of low-momentum…
This lecture presents an overview of the status of the investigation of the properties of the quark-gluon plasma using relativistic heavy ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It…
This is a mini-review of recent theoretical work in the field of relativistic heavy ion physics. The following topics are discussed: initial conditions and the Color Glass Condensate; approach to thermalization and the hydrodynamical…
This is a review of the physics prospects for relativistic heavy ion collisions in the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The motivation for the study of superdense matter created in relativistic heavy ion collision is the prospect of observing a…
Heavy ion collisions quickly form a droplet of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) with a remarkably small viscosity. We give an accessible introduction to how to study this smallest and hottest droplet of liquid made on earth and why it is so…
The comparison of heavy-flavour hadron production in proton-proton, proton-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC offers the opportunity to investigate the properties of the high-density colour-deconfined state of strongly-interacting matter…
We review the main results obtained by the BRAHMS collaboration on the properties of hot and dense hadronic and partonic matter produced in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC. A particular focus of this paper is to discuss to…