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We investigate the interaction between a light beam and a two-dimensional photonic lattice that is photo-induced in a photorefractive crystal using partially coherent light. We demonstrate that this interaction process is associated with a…
Because of the presence of a liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter, compact-star matter can present a region of instability against the formation of clusters. We investigate this phase separation in a matter composed of neutrons,…
In superfluid dark matter the exchange of phonons can create an additional force that has an effect similar to Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND). To test whether this hypothesis is compatible with observation, we study a set of strong…
The interaction of swift, free-space electrons with confined optical near fields has recently sparked much interest. It enables a new type of photon-induced near-field electron microscopy, mapping local optical near fields around…
In this lecture, we give a first introduction to neutron stars, based on fundamental physical principles. After outlining their outstanding macroscopic properties, as obtained from observations, we infer the extreme conditions of matter in…
Cataract is one of the most prevalent protein aggregation disorders and still the biggest cause of vision loss worldwide. The human lens, in its core region, lacks turnover of any cells or cellular components; it has therefore evolved…
Inelastic neutron and X-ray scattering experiments on surfaces and interfaces are a challenging topic in modern physics. Particular interest arises regarding surfaces and interfaces of soft matter and biological systems. We review both…
We present theory for coherent effects observed in crystal collimation experiments that is in good quantitative agreement with RHIC and Tevatron data. We show that coherent scattering in a bent crystal strongly amplifies beam diffusion,…
The interplay of membrane proteins is vital for many biological processes, such as cellular transport, cell division, and signal transduction between nerve cells. Theoretical considerations have led to the idea that the membrane itself…
Yielding is central to the relaxation, flow and fracture of a wide range of soft and molecular glasses, but its microscopic origin remains unclear. Here, we elucidate the yielding of a colloidal glass by using x-ray scattering to monitor…
The development of ideas about the optical phenomenon called the accelerating matter effect led to the hypothesis of the existence of a very general acceleration effect. Its formulation is that the result of the particle interaction with…
Two kinds of difficulties have challenged the physics community for many years: (1) knowing nature's building blocks (particle physics) and (2) understanding interacting many-body systems (many-body physics). Both of them exist in the…
Recent experiments have realized a twisted bilayer-like optical potential for ultra-cold atoms, which in contrast to solid-state set ups may allow for an arbitrary ratio between the inter- and intra-layer couplings. For commensurate Moir\'e…
Protein-stabilised emulsions can be seen as mixtures of unadsorbed proteins and of protein-stabilised droplets. To identify the contributions of these two components to the overall viscosity of sodium caseinate o/w emulsions, the…
Color transparency is the proposal that under certain circumstances the strong interactions can be reduced in magnitude. We give a comprehensive review of the physics, which hinges on the interface of perturbative QCD with non--perturbative…
We consider different methods and observables which can be obtained by the measurement of neutrino scattering off nucleons and nuclei with the purpose of finding evidence for the strange form factors of the nucleon, which enter into…
A new theoretical technique for understanding, analyzing and developing optical systems is presented. The approach is statistical in nature, where information about an object under investigation is discovered, by examining deviations from a…
Ultrasoft colloidal particle fluctuates due to its flexibility. Such fluctuation is essential for colloidal structure and dynamics, but is challenging to quantify experimentally. We use dendrimers as a model system to study the fluctuation…
We study the phase coherence and visibility of trapped atomic condensates on one-dimensional optical lattices, by means of quantum Monte-Carlo simulations. We obtain structures in the visibility similar to the kinks recently observed…
Neutron Compton scattering measurements have the potential to provide direct information about atomic momentum distributions and adiabatic energy surfaces in condensed matter. First applied to measuring the condensate fraction in superfluid…