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Two models of computer, a quantum and a classical "chemical machine" designed to compute the relevant part of Shor's factoring algorithm are discussed. The comparison shows that the basic quantum features believed to be responsible for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert Alicki

Shor's and Grover's famous quantum algorithms for factoring and searching show that quantum computers can solve certain computational problems significantly faster than any classical computer. We discuss here what quantum computers_cannot_…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-02 Peter Hoyer , Robert Spalek

Quantum computation, in particular Grover's algorithm, has aroused a great deal of interest since it allows for a quadratic speedup to be obtained in search procedures. Classical search procedures for an $N$ element database require at most…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-09 Luís Tarrataca , Andreas Wichert

Quantum computers are able to outperform classical algorithms. This was long recognized by the visionary Richard Feynman who pointed out in the 1980s that quantum mechanical problems were better solved with quantum machines. It was only in…

The problem of efficient multiplication of large numbers has been a long-standing challenge in classical computation and has been extensively studied for centuries. It appears that the existing classical algorithms are close to their…

As we begin to reach the limits of classical computing, quantum computing has emerged as a technology that has captured the imagination of the scientific world. While for many years, the ability to execute quantum algorithms was only a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-12 Bela Bauer , Sergey Bravyi , Mario Motta , Garnet Kin-Lic Chan

One of the most promising and versatile approaches to creating new quantum algorithms is based on the quantum hidden subgroup (QHS) paradigm, originally suggested by Alexei Kitaev. This class of quantum algorithms encompasses the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Samuel J. Lomonaco , Louis H. Kauffman

Demonstrating quantum advantage has been a pressing challenge in the field. Most claimed quantum speedups rely on a subroutine in which classical information can be accessed in a coherent quantum manner, which imposes a crucial constraint…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Nhat A. Nghiem

Quantum algorithm, as compared to classical algorithm, plays a notable role in solving linear systems of equations with an exponential speedup. Here, we demonstrate a method for solving a particular system of equations by using the concept…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-20 Rituparna Maji , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

The difference between classical and quantum algorithms (QA) is following: problem solved by QA is coded in the structure of the quantum operators. Input to QA in this case is always the same. Output of QA says which problem coded. In some…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-27 Sergey V. Ulyanov , Viktor S. Ulyanov

In general, a quantum circuit is constructed with elementary gates, such as one-qubit gates and CNOT gates. It is possible, however, to speed up the execution time of a given circuit by merging those elementary gates together into larger…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Mikio Nakahara , Yasushi Kondo , Kazuya Hata , Shogo Tanimura

Due to complexity of the systems and processes it addresses, the development of computational quantum physics is influenced by the progress in computing technology. Here we overview the evolution, from the late 1980s to the current year…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-21 I. Meyerov , A. Liniov , M. Ivanchenko , S. Denisov

Major obstacles remain to the implementation of macroscopic quantum computing: hardware problems of noise, decoherence, and scaling; software problems of error correction; and, most important, algorithm construction. Finding truly quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-17 Nathan Thompson , James Steck , Elizabeth Behrman

Given a quantum Hamiltonian and its evolution time, the corresponding unitary evolution operator can be constructed in many different ways, corresponding to different trajectories between the desired end-points. A choice among these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-05 Apoorva Patel

Optimizing high-degree of freedom robotic manipulators requires searching complex, high-dimensional configuration spaces, a task that is computationally challenging for classical methods. This paper introduces a quantum native framework…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Hassen Nigatu , Shi Gaokun , Li Jituo , Wang Jin , Lu Guodong , Howard Li

For decades, computational chemistry has been posited as one of the areas in which quantum computing would revolutionize. However, the algorithmic advantages that fault-tolerant quantum computers have for chemistry can be overwhelmed by…

Solving linear systems of equations is ubiquitous in all areas of science and engineering. With rapidly growing data sets, such a task can be intractable for classical computers, as the best known classical algorithms require a time…

Quantum algorithms are able to solve particular problems exponentially faster than conventional algorithms, when implemented on a quantum computer. However, all demonstrations to date have required already knowing the answer to construct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-22 Xiao-Qi Zhou , Pruet Kalasuwan , Timothy C. Ralph , Jeremy L. O'Brien

A quantum computer is a multi-particle interferometer that comprises beam splitters at both ends and arms, where the n two-level particles undergo the interactions among them. The arms are designed so that relevant functions required to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Yamaguchi , C. P. Master , Y. Yamamoto

The driving force in the pursuit for quantum computation is the exciting possibility that quantum algorithms can be more efficient than their classical analogues. Research on the subject has unraveled several aspects of how that can happen.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-11 Apoorva Patel