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Relativistic field equations for a gas in special and general relativity are determined from the Boltzmann equation. The constitutive equations are obtained from the Chapman-Enskog methodology applied to a relativistic model equation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-05 Gilberto M. Kremer

The conditions for the existence of the Chapman-Enskog first-order solution to the Boltzmann equation for a dilute gas are examined from two points of view. The traditional procedure is contrasted with a somehow more formal approach based…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-30 A. L. García-Perciante , A. R. Méndez , O. Sarbach

A simplified relativistic kinetic theory for gases with internal degrees of freedom, based on a BGK-type collision term, is considered. First the Boltzmann equation is rewritten in tetrad form and then thermal coefficients are determined to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-13 Philip Semrén , Michael Bradley , João M. S. Oliveira , M. Piedade Machado Ramos

The first-order out of equilibrium correction to the distribution function, obtained by implementing the projection method for the perturbed relativistic Boltzmann equation using the Chapman-Enskog method, is generalized in order to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-30 A. L. García-Perciante , A. R. Méndez , O. Sarbach

We address the well-posedness of the Cauchy problem corresponding to the relativistic fluid equations, when coupled with the heat-flux constitutive relation arising within the relativistic Chapman-Enskog procedure. The resulting system of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-11 A. L. Garcia-Perciante , Marcelo E. Rubio , Oscar A. Reula

From the Boltzmann equation Chapman and Cowling have firstly motivated a hierarchy of differential equations. I consider a general version of these differential equations which contain the Navier-Stokes system. In the paper I derive a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-05-17 Hans Wilhelm Alt

After a brief account of the derivation of the first-order relativistic hydrodynamic equation as a construction of the invariant manifold of relativistic Boltzmann equation, we give a sketch of derivation of the second-order hydrodynamic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-05 Kyosuke Tsumura , Teiji Kunihiro

A new probalistic approach to general relativistic kinetic theory is proposed. The general relativistic Boltzmann equation is linked to a new Markov process in a completely intrinsic way. This treatment is then used to prove the causal…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-07-05 Ismael Bailleul , Frabrice Debbasch

We use the Chapman-Enskog method to derive the Smoluchowski equation from the Kramers equation in a high friction limit. We consider two main extensions of this problem: we take into account a uniform rotation of the background medium and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Pierre-Henri Chavanis , Philippe Laurencot , Mohammed Lemou

Cosmological solutions of Einstein's equation for fluids with heat flow in a generalized Robertson-Walker metric are obtained, generalizing the results of Bergmann.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-11-19 Abhik Kumar Sanyal , Dipankar Ray

A second order relativistic hydrodynamic theory has been derived using momentum dependent relaxation time in the relativistic transport equation. In order to do that, an iterative technique of gradient expansion approach, namely…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-02-03 Sukanya Mitra

We generalize a recent prescription for the relaxation time approximation for the relativistic Boltzmann equation for systems with multiple particle species at finite temperature. This is performed by adding counter-terms to the traditional…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-10-21 Gabriel S. Rocha , Gabriel S. Denicol

Although its practical efficiency is unquestionable, it is well known that thermodynamics presents conceptual difficulties from the theoretical point of view. It is shown that the problem comes from an imperfect compatibility between the…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jean-Louis Tane

The Chapman-Enskog method of solution of kinetic equations, such as the Boltzmann equation, is based on an expansion in gradients of the deviations fo the hydrodynamic fields from a uniform reference state (e.g., local equilibrium). This…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 James F. Lutsko

In this work we explicitly calculate the thermal conductivity for a general bidimensional dilute gas of neutral molecules by solving Boltzmann's equation. Chapman-Enskog's method is used in order to analytically obtain this transport…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-11-11 A. R. Méndez , A. L. Garcia-Perciante , E. S. Escobar-Aguilar

The Boltzmann-Enskog equation for a hard sphere gas is known to have so called microscopic solutions, i.e., solutions of the form of time-evolving empirical measures of a finite number of hard spheres. However, the precise mathematical…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-02-19 Mario Pulvirenti , Sergio Simonella , Anton Trushechkin

In this work we study a r-species mixture of gases within the relativistic kinetic theory point of view. We use the relativistic covariant full Boltzmann equation and we incorporate the Schwarzschild metric. The method of solution of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-09-10 Valdemar Moratto , Gilberto M. Kremer

We consider two possible ways, i.e., the Maxwellian Iteration and the Chapman-Enskog Method, to recover Relativistic Ordinary Thermodynamics from Relativistic Extended Thermodynamics of Polyatomic gases with N moments. Both of these methods…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-10-18 F. Demontis , S. Pennisi

We perform a Chapman-Enskog expansion of the Boltzmann equation keeping up to quadratic contributions. We obtain a generalized nonlinear Kubo formula, and a set of integral equations which resum ladder and extended ladder diagrams. We show…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-08-23 M. E. Carrington , Hou Defu , R. Kobes

We propose a formal extension of thermodynamics and kinetic theories to a larger class of entropy functionals. Kinetic equations associated to Boltzmann, Fermi, Bose and Tsallis entropies are recovered as a special case. This formalism…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-24 Pierre-Henri Chavanis
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