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The utilization of finite field multipliers is pervasive in contemporary digital systems, with hardware implementation for bit parallel operation often necessitating millions of logic gates. However, various digital design issues, whether…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Saeideh Nabipour , Javad Javidan

There is a recent trend in artificial intelligence (AI) inference towards lower precision data formats down to 8 bits and less. As multiplication is the most complex operation in typical inference tasks, there is a large demand for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Andreas Böttcher , Martin Kumm

Electronic devices primarily aim to offer low power consumption, high speed, and a compact area. The performance of very large-scale integration (VLSI) devices is influenced by arithmetic operations, where multiplication is a crucial…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Ali Ranjbar , Elham Esmaeili , Roghayeh Rafieisangari , Nabiollah Shiri

Thanks to a new construction of the so-called Chudnovsky-Chudnovsky multiplication algorithm, we design efficient algorithms for both the exponentiation and the multiplication in finite fields. They are tailored to hardware implementation…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-10-02 Kevin Atighehchi , Stéphane Ballet , Alexis Bonnecaze , Robert Rolland

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of language processing tasks. However, this success comes at the cost of substantial computation and memory requirements, which significantly impedes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Fen-Yu Hsieh , Yun-Chang Teng , Ding-Yong Hong , Jan-Jan Wu

Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) has emerged as the dominant public-key protocol, with NIST standardizing parameters for binary field GF(2^m) ECC systems. This work presents a hardware implementation of a Hybrid Multiplication technique…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Ruby Kumari , Gaurav Purohit , Abhijit Karmakar

In this paper, we present a novel variation of the coded matrix multiplication problem which we refer to as fully private grouped matrix multiplication (FPGMM). In FPGMM, a master wants to compute a group of matrix products between two…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Lev Tauz , Lara Dolecek

The traditional Karatsuba algorithm for the multiplication of polynomials and multi-precision integers has a time complexity of $O(n^{1.59})$ and a space complexity of $O(n)$. Roche proposed an improved algorithm with the same $O(n^{1.59})$…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2016-05-24 Yiping Cheng

Numerical codes that require arbitrary precision floating point (APFP) numbers for their core computation are dominated by elementary arithmetic operations due to the super-linear complexity of multiplication in the number of mantissa bits.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Johannes de Fine Licht , Christopher A. Pattison , Alexandros Nikolaos Ziogas , David Simmons-Duffin , Torsten Hoefler

This paper provides modified Distributed Arithmetic based technique to compute sum of products saving appreciable number of Multiply And accumulation blocks and this consecutively reduces circuit size. In this technique multiplexer based…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-04-28 Naveen S Naik , Kiran A Gupta

As IoT and edge inference proliferate,there is a growing need to simultaneously optimize area and delay in lookup-table (LUT)-based multipliers that implement large numbers of low-bitwidth operations in parallel. This paper proposes a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Misaki Kida , Shimpei Sato

In this project, we have successfully designed, implemented, deployed and tested a novel FPGA accelerated algorithm for neural network training. The algorithm itself was developed in an independent study option. This training method is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Seyedeh Niusha Alavi Foumani , Ce Guo , Wayne Luk

In this paper, we present a multiplier based on a sequence of approximated accumulations. According to a given splitting point of the carry chains, the technique herein introduced allows varying the quality of the accumulations and,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Jorge Echavarria , Stefan Wildermann , Oliver Keszocze , Faramarz Khosravi , Andreas Becher , Jürgen Teich

This paper presents a low-latency hardware accelerator for modular polynomial multiplication for lattice-based post-quantum cryptography and homomorphic encryption applications. The proposed novel modular polynomial multiplier exploits the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Weihang Tan , Antian Wang , Yingjie Lao , Xinmiao Zhang , Keshab K. Parhi

Floating point multiplication is one of the crucial operations in many application domains such as image processing, signal processing etc. But every application requires different working features. Some need high precision, some need low…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-08 S. Arish , R. K. Sharma

Single-precision floating point (FP32) data format, defined by the IEEE 754 standard, is widely employed in scientific computing, signal processing, and deep learning training, where precision is critical. However, FP32 multiplication is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Bindu G Gowda , Yogesh Goyal , Yash Gupta , Madhav Rao

This article presents a vertical multiplication formula for calculating the multiplication of any two multi-digit integers, which may be not only used to design the multiplier but also to the mental multiplication. Our algorithm is a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-06 Yongwen Zhu

Approximate computing is a promising approach to reduce the power, delay, and area in hardware design for many error-resilient applications such as machine learning (ML) and digital signal processing (DSP) systems, in which multipliers…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Zhen Li , Hao Zhou , Lingli Wang

In this paper a low power multiplier is proposed. The proposed multiplier utilizes Broken-Array Multiplier approximation method on the conventional modified Booth multiplier. This method reduces the total power consumption of multiplier up…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Farzad Farshchi , Muhammad Saeed Abrishami , Sied Mehdi Fakhraie

We present the analysis of various FPGA design implementations of a Montgomery Modular Multiplier, compatible with the BLS12-381 elliptic curve, using the Coarsely Integrated Operand Scanning approach of working with complete partial…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Rares Ifrim , Decebal Popescu