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We describe the complex global structure of giant components in directed multiplex networks which generalizes the well-known bow-tie structure, generic for ordinary directed networks. By definition, a directed multiplex network contains…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-11-26 N. Azimi-Tafreshi , S. N. Dorogovtsev , J. F. F. Mendes

Infrastructure systems, such as power, transportation, telecommunication, and water systems, are composed of multiple components which are interconnected and interdependent to produce and distribute essential goods and services. So, the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-10-14 Zahra Mahabadi , Liz Varga , Tom Dolan

Multilayer networked systems are ubiquitous in nature and engineering, and the robustness of these systems against failures is of great interest. A main line of theoretical pursuit has been percolation induced cascading failures, where…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Run-Ran Liu , Chun-Xiao Jia , Ying-Cheng Lai

Networks in nature rarely function in isolation but instead interact with one another with a form of a network of networks (NoN). A network of networks with interdependency between distinct networks contains instability of abrupt collapse…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-04-20 Byungjoon Min , Muhua Zheng

Modular structure is ubiquitous among complex networks. We note that most such systems are subject to multiple structural and functional constraints, e.g., minimizing the average path length and the total number of links, while maximizing…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-11-05 Raj Kumar Pan , Sitabhra Sinha

Modularity is one of the most prominent properties of real-world complex networks. Here, we address the issue of module identification in two important classes of networks: bipartite networks and directed unipartite networks. Nodes in…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2011-11-10 R. Guimera , M. Sales-Pardo , L. A. N. Amaral

It is a mainstream idea that scale-free network would be fragile under the selective attacks. Internet is a typical scale-free network in the real world, but it never collapses under the selective attacks of computer viruses and hackers.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-10-09 Bojin Zheng , Dan Huang , Deyi Li , Guisheng Chen , Wenfei Lan

Living organisms, ecosystems, and social systems are examples of complex systems in which robustness against inclusion of new elements is an essential feature. A recently proposed simple model has revealed a general mechanism by which such…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2018-01-24 Fumiko Ogushi , János Kertész , Kimmo Kaski , Takashi Shimada

Components in many real-world complex systems depend on each other for the resources required for survival, and may die of a shortage. These patterns of dependencies often take the form of a complex network whose structure potentially…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-02-04 Madhusudan Ingale , Snehal M. Shekatkar

Biological networks are customarily described as structurally robust. This means that they often function extremely well under large forms of perturbations affecting both the concentrations and the kinetic parameters. In order to explain…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-20 M. Ali Al-Radhawi , David Angeli , Eduardo Sontag

Recent work in the area of interdependent networks has focused on interactions between two systems of the same type. However, an important and ubiquitous class of systems are those involving monitoring and control, an example of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-09-27 Richard G. Morris , Marc Barthelemy

Biological networks have evolved to be highly functional within uncertain environments while remaining extremely adaptable. One of the main contributors to the robustness and evolvability of biological networks is believed to be their…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2008-02-14 Arend Hintze , Christoph Adami

Interdependencies are ubiquitous throughout the world. Every real-world system interacts with and is dependent on other systems, and this interdependency affects their performance. In particular, interdependencies among networks make them…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-07-18 Cristian E. La Rocca , H. Eugene Stanley , Lidia A. Braunstein

Much work has been devoted to studying percolation of networks and interdependent networks under varying levels of failures. Researchers have considered many different realistic network structures, but thus far no study has incorporated the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-11-21 Louis M. Shekhtman , Shlomo Havlin

Many algorithms have been proposed to predict missing links in a variety of real networks. These studies focus on mainly both accuracy and efficiency of these algorithms. However, little attention is paid to their robustness against either…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-02-26 Liang Wang , Ke Hu , Yi Tang

It is commonly believed that scale-free networks are robust to massive numbers of random node deletions. For example, Cohen et al. study scale-free networks including some which approximate the measured degree distribution of the Internet.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Hamilton Link , Randall A. LaViolette , Jared Saia , Terran Lane

A central concern of network operators is to estimate the probability of an incident that affects a significant part and thus may yield to a breakdown. We answer this question by modeling how a failure of either a node or an edge will…

Applications · Statistics 2018-02-22 Sandra König

We investigate certain structural properties of random interdependent networks. We start by studying a property known as $r$-robustness, which is a strong indicator of the ability of a network to tolerate structural perturbations and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-08-18 Ebrahim Moradi Shahrivar , Mohammad Pirani , Shreyas Sundaram

Generative mechanisms which lead to empirically observed structure of networked systems from diverse fields like biology, technology and social sciences form a very important part of study of complex networks. The structure of many…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-12-03 Snehal M. Shekatkar , G. Ambika

From the perspective of network analysis, the ubiquitous networks are comprised of regular and irregular components, which makes uncovering the complexity of network structures to be a fundamental challenge. Exploring the regular…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-08-30 Tao Wu , Shaojie Qiao , Xingping Xian , Xi-Zhao Wang , Wei Wang , Yanbing Liu