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Quantum physics at scales large compared to the Planck scale is described in the framework of classical space-time geometries. A criterion for selecting these backgrounds out of quantized gravity is proposed. It leads to an instability of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-25 F. Englert

It has been conjectured that quantum gravity effects may cause the black-to-white hole transition due to quantum tunneling. The transition amplitude of this process is explored within the framework of the spin foam model on a 2-complex…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-24 Muxin Han , Dongxue Qu , Cong Zhang

A paradigm describing black hole evaporation in non-perturbative quantum gravity is developed by combining two sets of detailed results: i) resolution of the Schwarzschild singularity using quantum geometry methods; and ii) time-evolution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Abhay Ashtekar , Martin Bojowald

In case of spherical symmetry, the assumptions of finite-time formation of a trapped region and regularity of its boundary --- the apparent horizon --- are sufficient to identify the form of the metric and energy-momentum tensor in its…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-13 Valentina Baccetti , Sebastian Murk , Daniel R. Terno

We develop a framework based on modern amplitude techniques to analyze emission and absorption effects in black hole physics, including Hawking radiation. We first discuss quantum field theory on a Schwarzschild background in the Boulware…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-30 Katsuki Aoki , Andrea Cristofoli , Hyun Jeong , Matteo Sergola , Kaho Yoshimura

Black hole space times evaporate in discrete steps due to remarkably slow Hawking radiation. We here identify evaporation with essentially extremal states at the limit of quantum computation, performing $2.7\times 10^{79}$ bit calculations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-11-12 Maurice H. P. M. van Putten

Quantum fluctuations of the metric provide a decay mechanism for black holes, through a transition to a white hole geometry. Old perplexing results by Ambrus and H\'aj\'i\v{c}ek and more recent results by Barcel\'o, Carballo-Rubio and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-26 Marios Christodoulou , Fabio D'Ambrosio

This paper delineates the first steps in a systematic quantitative study of the spacetime fluctuations induced by quantum fields in an evaporating black hole under the stochastic gravity program. The central object of interest is the noise…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 B. L. Hu , Albert Roura

We describe 4D evaporating black holes as quantum field configurations by solving the semi-classical Einstein equation $G_{\mu\nu}=8\pi G \langle \psi|T_{\mu\nu}|\psi \rangle$ and quantum matter fields in a self-consistent manner. As the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-06-05 Hikaru Kawai , Yuki Yokokura

The formation and quantum mechanical evaporation of black holes in two spacetime dimensions can be studied using effective classical field equations, recently introduced by Callan {\it et al.} We find that gravitational collapse always…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Russo , L. Susskind , L. Thorlacius

A reformulation of the calculation of the semi-classical energy-momentum tensor on a Schwarzschild background, the Bousso covariant entropy bound, and the ER=EPR conjecture of Maldacena and Susskind taken together suggest a scenario for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-06-17 James M. Bardeen

In a recent series of papers we developed a first-principle and gauge invariant approach to black hole perturbation theory valid to any order. We included back reaction effects to tackle the situation of evaporating black holes and obtained…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-14 Jonas Neuser , Thomas Thiemann

We derive an explicit expression for the transition amplitude from black to white hole horizon at the end of Hawking evaporation using covariant loop quantum gravity.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-22 Farshid Soltani , Carlo Rovelli , Pierre Martin-Dussaud

We calculate quantum gravitational corrections to the amplitude for the emission of a Hawking particle by a black hole. We show explicitly how the amplitudes depend on quantum corrections to the exterior metric (quantum hair). This reveals…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-06-14 Xavier Calmet , Stephen D. H. Hsu , Marco Sebastianutti

Combination of both quantum field theory (QFT) and string theory in curved backgrounds in a consistent framework, the string analogue model, allows us to provide a full picture of the Kerr-Newman black hole and its evaporation going beyond…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-10-27 A. Bouchareb , M. Ramon Medrano , N. G. Sanchez

We employ the recently proposed formalism of the "horizon wave-function" to investigate the emergence of a horizon in models of black holes as Bose-Einstein condensates of gravitons. We start from the Klein-Gordon equation for a massless…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-10-29 Roberto Casadio , Andrea Giugno , Octavian Micu , Alessio Orlandi

This is a review of the results on black hole physics in the framework of loop quantum gravity. The key feature underlying the results is the discreteness of geometric quantities at the Planck scale predicted by this approach to quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-22 Alejandro Perez

We call a state "vacuum-bounded" if every measurement performed outside a specified interior region gives the same result as in the vacuum. We compute the maximum entropy of a vacuum-bounded state with a given energy for a one-dimensional…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 Ken D. Olum

Aspects of super-planckian gravitational scattering and black hole formation are investigated, largely via a partial-wave representation. At large and decreasing impact parameters, amplitudes are expected to be governed by single graviton…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Steven B. Giddings , Mark Srednicki

A personal perspective on the black hole evaporation process is presented using as guidelines inputs from: (i) loop quantum gravity, (ii) simplified models where concrete results have been obtained, and, (iii) semi-classical quantum general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-14 Abhay Ashtekar