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We consider the problem of model-based clustering in the presence of many correlated, mixed continuous and discrete variables, some of which may have missing values. Discrete variables are treated with a latent continuous variable approach…

The Condorcet Jury Theorem or the Miracle of Aggregation are frequently invoked to ensure the competence of some aggregate decision-making processes. In this article we explore an estimation of the prior probability of the thesis predicted…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-06-22 Álvaro Romaniega

The Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence accumulation is one of the main tools for combining data obtained from multiple sources. In this paper a special case of combination of two bodies of evidence with non-zero conflict coefficient is…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-07-04 Andrzej K. Brodzik , Robert H. Enders

Unobserved confounding is one of the main challenges when estimating causal effects. We propose a causal reduction method that, given a causal model, replaces an arbitrary number of possibly high-dimensional latent confounders with a single…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-24 Maximilian Ilse , Patrick Forré , Max Welling , Joris M. Mooij

Death benefits are generally the largest cash flow item that affects financial statements of life insurers where some still do not have a systematic process to track and monitor death claims experience. In this article, we explore data…

Applications · Statistics 2021-01-27 Shuang Yin , Guojun Gan , Emiliano A. Valdez , Jeyaraj Vadiveloo

The assumption that data samples are independent and identically distributed (iid) is standard in many areas of statistics and machine learning. Nevertheless, in some settings, such as social networks, infectious disease modeling, and…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-06 Eli Sherman , Ilya Shpitser

Widely used methods and software for group sequential tests of a null hypothesis of no treatment difference that allow for early stopping of a clinical trial depend primarily on the fact that sequentially-computed test statistics have the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-19 Anastasios A. Tsiatis , Marie Davidian

During the last decades, many methods for the analysis of functional data including classification methods have been developed. Nonetheless, there are issues that have not been adressed satisfactorily by currently available methods, as, for…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-02-08 Karen Fuchs , Wolfgang Pößnecker , Gerhard Tutz

Government statistical agencies collect enormously valuable data on the nation's population and business activities. Wide access to these data enables evidence-based policy making, supports new research that improves society, facilitates…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-01-04 John Abowd , Lorenzo Alvisi , Cynthia Dwork , Sampath Kannan , Ashwin Machanavajjhala , Jerome Reiter

The recent statistical theory of neural networks focuses on nonparametric denoising problems that treat randomness as additive noise. Variability in image classification datasets does, however, not originate from additive noise but from…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-19 Juntong Chen , Sophie Langer , Johannes Schmidt-Hieber

Econometricians have usefully separated study of estimation into identification and statistical components. Identification analysis, which assumes knowledge of the probability distribution generating observable data, places an upper bound…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-03 Charles F. Manski

Binary data are highly common in many applications, however it is usually modelled with the assumption that the data are independently and identically distributed. This is typically not the case in many real-world examples and such the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-12 Louise Kimpton , Peter Challenor , Henry Wynn

Causal disentanglement aims to learn about latent causal factors behind data, holding the promise to augment existing representation learning methods in terms of interpretability and extrapolation. Recent advances establish identifiability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Ryan Welch , Jiaqi Zhang , Caroline Uhler

Machine Learning applications have brought new insights into a secondary analysis of medical data. Machine Learning helps to develop new drugs, define populations susceptible to certain illnesses, identify predictors of many common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 YuanZheng Hu , Marina Sokolova

Missing observations are common in cluster randomised trials. Approaches taken to handling such missing data include: complete case analysis, single-level multiple imputation that ignores the clustering, multiple imputation with a fixed…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-18 Karla Diaz-Ordaz , Michael G. Kenward , Manuel Gomes , Richard Grieve

Measuring treatment effects in observational studies is challenging because of confounding bias. Confounding occurs when a variable affects both the treatment and the outcome. Traditional methods such as propensity score matching estimate…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-23 Bevan I. Smith , Charles Chimedza

Recently, many authors have cast doubts on the validity of ABC model choice. It has been shown that the use of sufficient statistic in ABC model selection leads, apart from few exceptional cases in which the sufficient statistic is also…

Computation · Statistics 2018-04-13 Erlis Ruli

Causal inference has been increasingly reliant on observational studies with rich covariate information. To build tractable causal procedures, such as the doubly robust estimators, it is imperative to first extract important features from…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-08 Dingke Tang , Dehan Kong , Wenliang Pan , Linbo Wang

Causal analysis has become an essential component in understanding the underlying causes of phenomena across various fields. Despite its significance, existing literature on causal discovery algorithms is fragmented, with inconsistent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Wenjin Niu , Zijun Gao , Liyan Song , Lingbo Li

In this study, we consider unsupervised clustering of categorical vectors that can be of different size using mixture. We use likelihood maximization to estimate the parameters of the underlying mixture model and a penalization technique to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-08 Esther Derman , Erwan Le Pennec