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We review measures of street network structure proposed in the recent literature, establish their relevance to practice, and identify open challenges facing researchers. These measures' empirical values vary substantially across world…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-09-13 Marc Barthelemy , Geoff Boeing

This paper presents methods to compare high order networks, defined as weighted complete hypergraphs collecting relationship functions between elements of tuples. They can be considered as generalizations of conventional networks where only…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-01-20 Weiyu Huang , Alejandro Ribeiro

We propose a novel Bayesian methodology which uses random walks for rapid inference of statistical properties of undirected networks with weighted or unweighted edges. Our formalism yields high-accuracy estimates of the probability…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-07-25 Willow B. Kion-Crosby , Alexandre V. Morozov

Graphical models are frequently used to represent topological structures of various complex networks. Current criteria to assess different models of a network mainly rely on how close a model matches the network in terms of topological…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Zhengping Fan , Guanrong Chen , Yunong Zhang

Whether comparing networks to each other or to random expectation, measuring dissimilarity is essential to understanding the complex phenomena under study. However, determining the structural dissimilarity between networks is an ill-defined…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-07-26 Leo Torres , Pablo Suarez-Serrato , Tina Eliassi-Rad

We show that global properties of an unknown quantum network, such as the average degree, hub density, and the number of closed paths of fixed length, can be inferred from strictly local quantum measurements. In particular, we demonstrate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-03 F. Romeo , J. Settino

The structure and evolution of Terrestrial Transportation Infrastructures (TTIs) are shaped by both socio-political and geographical factors, hence encoding crucial information about how resources and power are distributed through a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-09-29 Luce Prignano , Lluc Font-Pomarol , Ignacio Morer , Sergi Lozano

Route diversity in networks is elemental for establishing reliable, high-capacity connections with appropriate security between endpoints. As for the Internet, route diversity has already been studied at both Autonomous System- and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-01-07 Attila Csoma , András Gulyás , László Toka

Graph theory provides a primary tool for analyzing and designing computer communication networks. In the past few decades, Graph theory has been used to study various types of networks, including the Internet, wide Area Networks, Local Area…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2009-07-20 Kamal Ahmat

Network robustness research aims at finding a measure to quantify network robustness. Once such a measure has been established, we will be able to compare networks, to improve existing networks and to design new networks that are able to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-11-21 W. Ellens , R. E. Kooij

Identifying networks with similar characteristics in a given ensemble, or detecting pattern discontinuities in a temporal sequence of networks, are two examples of tasks that require an effective metric capable of quantifying network…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Carlo Piccardi

Traceroute sampling is an important technique in exploring the internet router graph and the autonomous system graph. Although it is one of the primary techniques used in calculating statistics about the internet, it can introduce bias that…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-02-02 Abraham D. Flaxman , Juan Vera

Real networks are finite metric spaces. Yet the geometry induced by shortest path distances in a network is definitely not its only geometry. Other forms of network geometry are the geometry of latent spaces underlying many networks, and…

Almost all statistical and machine learning methods in analyzing brain networks rely on distances and loss functions, which are mostly Euclidean or matrix norms. The Euclidean or matrix distances may fail to capture underlying subtle…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Moo K. Chung , Alexander Smith , Gary Shiu

When network and graph theory are used in the study of complex systems, a typically finite set of nodes of the network under consideration is frequently either explicitly or implicitly considered representative of a much larger finite or…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-03-18 Jobst Heitzig , Jonathan F. Donges , Yong Zou , Norbert Marwan , Jürgen Kurths

Summary statistics play an important role in network data analysis. They can provide us with meaningful insight into the structure of a network. The Randi\'{c} index is one of the most popular network statistics that has been widely used…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-09-01 Mingao Yuan

From longitudinal biomedical studies to social networks, graphs have emerged as a powerful framework for describing evolving interactions between agents in complex systems. In such studies, after pre-processing, the data can be represented…

Applications · Statistics 2018-03-12 Claire Donnat , Susan Holmes

A measure is derived to quantify directed information transfer between pairs of vertices in a weighted network, over paths of a specified maximal length. Our approach employs a general, probabilistic model of network traffic, from which the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-11-05 Christopher R. S. Banerji , Simone Severini , Andrew E. Teschendorff

Metros (heavy rail transit systems) are integral parts of urban transportation systems. Failures in their operations can have serious impacts on urban mobility, and measuring their robustness is therefore critical. Moreover, as physical…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-27 Xiangrong Wang , Yakup Koç , Sybil Derrible , Sk Nasir Ahmad , Robert E. Kooij

We consider the problem of determining the proportion of edges that are discovered in an Erdos-Renyi graph when one constructs all shortest paths from a given source node to all other nodes. This problem is equivalent to the one of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Vincent D. Blondel , Jean-Loup Guillaume , Julien M. Hendrickx , Raphael M. Jungers