Related papers: Early evolution of transversally thermalized parto…
We give a short review of hydrodynamic models at heavy ion collisions from the point of view of initial conditions, an equation of states (EoS) and freezeout process. Then we show our latest results of a combined fully three-dimensional…
At the very first stage of an ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collision new particles are produced in individual nucleon-nucleon collisions. In the transverse plane, all particles from a single $NN$ collision are initially located at the…
How can we gain a detailed insight into the hydrodynamic response of the system created in heavy ion collisions to the fluctuating initial geometry and viscous effects? Do we create a strongly interacting medium in proton-nucleus and…
The fluid-dynamical modeling of a nuclear collision at high energy usually starts shortly after the collision. A major source of uncertainty comes from the detailed modeling of the initial state. While the collision itself likely involves…
The transverse, spatial structure of protons is an area revealing fundamental properties of matter, and provides key input for deeper understanding of emerging collective phenomena in high energy collisions of protons, as well as collisions…
We briefly discuss the problem of specifying initial conditions for evolution of off-diagonal (skewed) parton distributions. We present numerical results to show that evolution rapidly washes out differences of input.
To bracket the importance of the pre-equilibrium stage on relativistic heavy-ion collision observables, we compare simulations where it is modeled by either free-streaming partons or fluid dynamics. These cases implement the assumptions of…
The chemical equilibration of the parton distribution in collisions of two heavy nuclei at the CERN Large Hadron Collider is investigated. Initial conditions are obtained from a self-screened parton cascade calculation. The onset of…
Deviations from thermal distribution functions of produced particles in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are discussed as indicators for nonequilibrium processes. The focus is on rapidity distributions of produced charged hadrons as…
We discuss a number of prominent theoretical challenges in the physics of ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions, and review some recent attempts to tackle them. These examples cover most stages of the collision process, but emphasis is…
A consistent picture of the Au+Au and D+Au, s^1/2 = 200 A GeV measurements at RHIC obtained with the PHENIX, STAR, PHOBOS and BRAHMS detectors including both the rapidity and transverse momentum spectra was previously developed with the…
The space-time evolution of the hot and dense matter formed after the collisions of heavy nuclei at ultra-relativistic energies is investigated using (3+1) dimensional hydrodynamical models. The effects of the spectral shift of the hadronic…
We present algorithms to solve relativistic hydrodynamics in 3+1--dimensional situations without apparent symmetry to simplify the solution. In simulations of heavy--ion collisions, these numerical schemes have to deal with the physical…
A simple approach is proposed allowing actual calculations of the preequilibrium dynamics in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions to be performed for a far-from-equilibrium initial state. The method is based on the phenomenological…
We discuss implications of the evolution of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distributions on the structure of multi-jet states at high energies. In particular we analyze the theoretical systematics associated with multi-jet…
We investigate the chemical equilibration of the parton distributions in collisions of two heavy nuclei. We use initial conditions obtained from a self-screened parton cascade calculation and, for comparison, from the HIJING model. We…
The implications of parton recombination processes on the dynamics of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion reactions are investigated. To do so, the quark-gluon string transport model has been extended for partonic recombination and fusion…
A model of two-component relativistic fluid is considered, and the thermal nature of coupling between the fluid constituents is outlined. This thermal coupling is responsible for non-ideality of the fluid composite where the components are…
We calculate the balance function for charm in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The distribution of pairs of charm-anticharm quarks produced in hard processes in the early stages of the nucleus-nucleus collision evolves in the dense…
Thermalization is the dynamical process by which a many-body system evolves toward a thermal equilibrium state that maximizes its entropy. In certain cases, however, the establishment of thermal equilibrium is significantly slowed down and…