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The coupling of electronic and nuclear motion in polyatomic molecules is at the heart of attochemistry. The molecular properties, transient structures and reaction mechanism of these many-body quantum objects are defined on the level of…
The present review addresses the technical advances and the theoretical developments to realize and rationalize attosecond-science experiments that reveal a new dynamical time scale ($10^{-15}$-$10^{-18}$ s), with a particular emphasis on…
Attosecond spectroscopy comprises several techniques to probe matter through electrons and photons. One frontier of attosecond methods is to reveal complex phenomena arising from quantum-mechanical correlations in the matter system, in the…
The motion of electrons in or near solids, liquids and gases can be tracked by forcing their ejection with attosecond x-ray pulses, derived from femtosecond lasers. The momentum of these emitted electrons carries the imprint of the…
Recent advances in the field of attosecond science hold the promise of tracking electronic processes at the shortest space and time scales. Imaging methods that combine attosecond temporal with nanometer spatial resolution are currently out…
We show that the complete photoemission dynamics in situations of electron-ion entanglement can be retrieved from photoelectron spectral measurements without information on the ion. To this end, we develop an energy-time analysis of the…
We study dynamics of an artificial two-level atom in an open 1D space by measuring evolution of its coherent and incoherent emission. States of the atom -- a superconducting flux qubit coupled to a transmission line -- are fully controlled…
Realistic attosecond wave packets have complex profiles that, in dispersive conditions, rapidly broaden or split into multiple components. Such behaviors are encoded in sharp features of the wave packet spectral phase. Here, we exploit the…
Recent advances in electron microscopy trigger the question whether attosecond electron diffraction can resolve atomic-scale electron dynamics in crystalline materials in space and time. Here we explore the physics of the relevant…
Quantum material systems upon applying ultrashort laser pulses provide a rich platform to access excited material phases and their transformations that are not entirely like their equilibrium counterparts. The addressability and potential…
Linear off-resonant X-ray Raman techniques are capable of detecting the ultrafast electronic coherences generated when a photoexcited wave packet passes through a conical intersection. A hybrid femtosecond or attosecond probe pulse is…
Quantum coherence between electronic states of a photoionized molecule and the resulting process of ultrafast electron-hole migration have been put forward as a possible quantum mechanism of charge-directed reactivity governing the…
Ionization by relativistically intense short laser pulses is studied in the framework of strong-field quantum electrodynamics. Distinctive patterns are found in the energy probability distributions of photoelectrons. Except of the already…
Attosecond science has opened up new frontiers in our understanding of processes happening on the intrinsic timescale of electrons. The ability to manipulate and observe phenomena at the attosecond level has yielded groundbreaking insights…
We report on the first streaking measurement of water-window attosecond pulses generated via high harmonic generation, driven by sub-2-cycle, CEP-stable, 1850 nm laser pulses. Both the central photon energy and the energy bandwidth far…
Ultrafast spectroscopies can access the dynamics of electrons and nuclei at short timescales, shedding light on nonequilibrium phenomena in materials. However, development of accurate calculations to interpret these experiments has lagged…
We explore the novel capabilities offered by attosecond extreme ultraviolet and x-ray pulses that can be now generated by free-electron lasers and high-harmonics generation sources for probing photon-induced electron dynamics in molecules.…
The nuclear spin, being much more isolated from the environment than its electronic counterpart, enables quantum experiments with prolonged coherence times and presents a gateway towards uncovering the intricate dynamics within an atom.…
We present a study of direct laser driven electron acceleration and scaling of attosecond bunch compression in unbound vacuum. Simple analytical expressions and detailed three-dimensional numerical calculations including space charge reveal…
In this work, we present the implementation of all-optical method for directly measuring electron pulse duration in an ultrafast scanning electron microscope. Our approach is based on the interaction of electrons with the ponderomotive…