Related papers: Formal punctured ribbons and two-dimensional local…
We describe a procedure for constructing formal normal forms of holomorphic maps with a hypersurface of fixed points, and we apply it to obtain a complete list of formal normal forms for 2-dimensional holomorphic maps tangential to a curve…
I discuss the general formalism of two-dimensional topological field theories defined on open-closed oriented Riemann surfaces, starting from an extension of Segal's geometric axioms. Exploiting the topological sewing constraints allows for…
Three types of geometric structure---grid triangulations, rectangular subdivisions, and orthogonal polyhedra---can each be described combinatorially by a regular labeling: an assignment of colors and orientations to the edges of an…
This is a paper in a series that studies smooth relative Lie algebra homologies and cohomologies based on the theory of formal manifolds and formal Lie groups. In three previous papers, we introduce the notion of formal manifolds and study…
We show that, for an arrangement of subspaces in a complex vector space with geometric intersection lattice, the complement of the arrangement is formal. We prove that the Morgan rational model for such an arrangement complement is formal…
Oriented ribbon graphs (dessins d'enfant) are graphs embedded in oriented surfaces. A quasi-tree of a ribbon graph is a spanning subgraph with one face, which is described by an ordered chord diagram. We show that for any link diagram $L$,…
Ribbons are a class of slender structures whose length, width, and thickness are widely separated from each other. This scale separation gives a ribbon unusual mechanical properties in athermal macroscopic settings, e.g. it can bend without…
The Farey sequence is a natural exhaustion of the set of rational numbers between 0 and 1 by finite lists. Ford Circles are a natural family of mutually tangent circles associated to Farey fractions: they are an important object of study in…
This article is devoted to the investigation of structure of wrap groups of connected fiber bundles over the fields of real $\bf R$, complex $\bf C$ numbers, the quaternion skew field $\bf H$ and the octonion algebra $\bf O$. Iterated wrap…
Regular polygons are characterized as area-constrained critical points of the perimeter functional with respect to particular families of perturbations in the class of polygons with a fixed number of sides. We also review recent results in…
We define orbifold mapping class groups (with marked points) and study them using their action on certain orbifold analogs of arcs and simple closed curves. Moreover, we establish a Birman exact sequence for suitable subgroups of orbifold…
2-stratifolds are a generalization of 2-manifolds in that there are disjoint simple closed curves where several sheets meet. They arise in the study of categorical invariants of 3-manifolds and may have applications to topological data…
We suggest a concept of generalized `angles' in arbitrary real normed vector spaces. We give for each real number a definition of an `angle' by means of the shape of the unit ball. They all yield the well known Euclidean angle in the…
The traditional study of plane and space algebraic curves by looking at their tangent vectors, curvatures and torsions provides geometric, but unfortunately not sufficient information about individual curves in order to be able to…
Vector spaces over finite fields and Anzahl formulas of subspaces were studied by Wan (Geometry of Classical Groups over Finite Fields, Science Press, 2002). As a generalization, we study vector spaces and singular linear spaces over…
The development and application of formal methods is a long standing research topic within the field of computer science. One particular challenge that remains is the uptake of formal methods into industrial practices. This paper introduces…
We study filling sets of simple closed curves on punctured surfaces. In particular we study lower bounds on the cardinality of sets of curves that fill and that pairwise intersect at most k times on surfaces with given genus and number of…
In recent years a lot of attention has been paid to topological spaces which are a bit more general than smooth manifolds - orbifolds. Orbifolds are intuitively speaking manifolds with some singularities. The formal definition is also…
It is easy to imagine that a subvariety of a vector bundle, whose intersection with every fibre is a vector subspace of constant dimension, must necessarily be a sub-bundle. We give two examples to show that this is not true, and several…
A compact classification of the projective lines defined over (commutative) rings (with unity) of all orders up to thirty-one is given. There are altogether sixty-five different types of them. For each type we introduce the total number of…