Related papers: The Height of a Giraffe
Ultra high energy particles arrive at Earth constantly. They provide a beam at energies higher than any man-made accelerator, but at a very low rate. Two large experiments, the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array experiment,…
There are multiple techniques to determine the chemical composition of the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. While most of the methods are primarily sensitive to the average atomic mass, it is challenging to discriminate between the two…
First observed in 1995, the top quark is one of a pair of third-generation quarks in the Standard Model of particle physics. It has charge +2/3e and a mass of 171.4 GeV, about 40 times heavier than its partner, the bottom quark. The CDF and…
We compare observational data of growth rate with the prediction by Galileon theory. For the same value of the energy density parameter $\Omega_{m,0}$, the growth rate in Galileon models is enhanced compared with the $\Lambda$CDM case, due…
We argue that for a Higgs boson mass M_H ~125 GeV, as suggested by recent Higgs searches at the LHC, the inclusion of electroweak radiative corrections in the relationship between the pole and MS-bar masses of the top quark reduces the…
In this paper, we explore the properties of white dwarfs with the modified TOV equation in Einstein-$\Lambda$ gravity, the equilibrium configurations predict a maximum mass limit for white dwarfs same as the Chandrasekhar limit when we…
Contrary to expectations, several cosmic ray events with energies above $10^{20}$ eV have been observed. The flux of such events is well above the predicted Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cutoff due to the pion production (via the $\Delta$…
By combining a renormalization group argument relating the charge e and mass m of the proton by e^2 ln m ~ 0.1 pi (in Planck units) with the Carter-Carr-Rees anthropic argument that gives an independent approximate relation m ~ e^20 between…
A detailed investigation of radio galaxies has recently stressed these sources as the possible origin of the cosmic rays observed above $3\,\text{EeV}$. Here, the relevance of this model at energies below $3\,\text{EeV}$ is investigated.…
Efforts to place limits on deviations from canonical formulations of electromagnetism and gravity have probed length scales increasing dramatically over time.Historically, these studies have passed through three stages: (1) Testing the…
Planets have maximum radii close to that of Jupiter. Qualitatively, the reason for this maximum size is that, as one adds mass, the force of gravity becomes sufficiently strong to cause the radius to decrease. We show that this effect can…
All schoolchildren know how often they breathe, but even experts don't know exactly why. The aim of this publication is to develop a model of the resting spontaneous breathing rate using physiological, physical and mathematical methods with…
We have measured a trigonometric parallax to the young brown dwarf 2MASSW J1207334-393254. The distance [54.0 (+3.2,-2.8) pc] and space motion confirm membership in the TW Hydrae Association. The primary is a ~25 M_jup brown dwarf. We…
We argue that the data published by the Pierre Auger Collaboration (arXiv:0711.2256) disfavor at 99% confidence level their hypothesis that most of the highest-energy cosmic rays are protons from nearby astrophysical sources, either Active…
A new theory makes testable predictions: (1) Higgs fields have an unconventional equation of motion. (2) Fermions have a second-order coupling to gauge fields. (3) Fermion propagators are modified at high energy. (4) There are new scalar…
An electron beam has gained a maximum energy of 9 GeV per particle in a 1.3 m-long electron beam-driven plasma wakefield accelerator. The amount of charge accelerated in the spectral peak was 28.3 pC, and the root-mean-square energy spread…
New measurements of the top quark mass from the Tevatron are presented. Combined with previous results, they yield a preliminary new world average of Mtop=170.9+-1.1(stat)+-1.5(syst)GeV/c**2 and impose new constraints on the mass of the…
We show that the maximum and the minimum mass of merging neutron stars can be estimated with upcoming gravitational wave observations. We simulate populations of binary neutron star signals and model their mass distribution including upper…
The ratio between the proton and electron masses was shown to be close to the ratio between the shortest lifetimes of particles, decaying by the electromagnetic and strong interactions. The inherent property of each fundamental interaction…
The energy-momentum for a gravitating system can be considered by the tetard teleparalle gauge current in orthonormal frames. Whereas the Einstein pseudotensor used holonomic frames. Tetrad expression itself gives a better result for…