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Single-photon detectors have achieved impressive performance, and have led to a number of new scientific discoveries and technological applications. Existing models of photodetectors are semiclassical in that the field-matter interaction is…
We propose and demonstrate a method for measuring the spectral density matrix of a single photon pulse. The method is based on registering Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between photon to be measured and a pair of attenuated and suitably…
Path-entangled multi-photon states allow optical phase-sensing beyond the shot-noise limit, provided that an efficient parity measurement can be implemented. Realising this experimentally is technologically demanding, as it requires…
We discuss the statistics of emission of photons by a single atom or ion illuminated by a laser beam at the frequency of quasi-resonance between two energy levels, a situation that corresponds to real experiments. We extend this to the case…
Here we argue that the probability that a given source produces exactly a single photon is a natural quantity to benchmark single-photon sources as it certifies the absence of multi-photon components and quantifies the efficiency…
In the past one hundred years, deterministic rate equations have been successfully used to infer enzyme-catalysed reaction mechanisms and to estimate rate constants from reaction kinetics experiments conducted in vitro. In recent years,…
Single-photon detectors are ubiquitous in quantum information science and quantum sensing. They are key enabling technologies for numerous scientific discoveries and fundamental tests of quantum optics. Photon-number-revolving detectors are…
We experimentally demonstrate a detection scheme suitable for state analysis of single optically trapped atoms in less than 1 {\mu}s with an overall detection efficiency {\eta} exceeding 98%. The method is based on hyperfine-state-selective…
Change point detection has become an important part of the analysis of the single-particle tracking data, as it allows one to identify moments, in which the motion patterns of observed particles undergo significant changes. The segmentation…
Using a single neutral 87Rb atom held in an optical trap, and "quantum jump" detection of single-photon-initiated state changes, we demonstrate a single-photon quantum jump photodetector (QJPD) with intrinsically narrow bandwidth and strong…
X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) experiments have brought unique capabilities and opened new directions in research, such as creating new states of matter or directly measuring atomic motion. One such area is the ability to use finely…
In a single-particle detection experiment, a wavefront impinges on a detector but observers only see a point response. The extent of the wavefront becomes evident only in statistical accumulation of many independent detections, with…
Time course measurement of single molecules on a cell surface provides detailed information on the dynamics of the molecules, which is otherwise inaccessible. To extract the quantitative information, single particle tracking (SPT) is…
We derive photon counting statistics for an output field of a single-photon wave packet interacting with a quantum system (e.g. a quantum harmonic oscillator or a two-level atom). We determine the exclusive probability densities for the…
While experimental measurements of photon correlations have become routine in laboratories, theoretical access to these quantities for the light generated in complex nanophotonic devices remains a major challenge. Current methods are…
Solid-state single-photon emitters (SPE) are a basis for emerging technologies such as quantum communication and quantum sensing. SPE based on fluorescent point defects are ubiquitous in semiconductors and insulators, and new systems with…
Tracking single fluorescent molecules has offered resolution into dynamic molecular processes at the single-molecule level. This perspective traces the evolution of single-molecule tracking, highlighting key developments across various…
Quantum-logic techniques used to manipulate quantum systems are now increasingly being applied to molecules. Previous experiments on single trapped diatomic species have enabled state detection with excellent fidelities and highly precise…
Molecular-scale computation is crucial for smart materials and nanoscale devices, yet creating single-molecule systems capable of complex computations remains challenging. We present a theoretical framework for a single-molecule computer…
Single photon detection is a requisite technique in quantum-optics experiments in both the optical and the microwave domains. However, the energy of microwave quanta are four to five orders of magnitude less than their optical counterpart,…